do_test rtree6-1.5 {
  rtree_strategy {SELECT * FROM t1,t2 WHERE k=+ii AND x1<10}
} {Ca}

do_eqp_test rtree6.2.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1,t2 WHERE k=+ii AND x1<10
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:Ca (~25 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:Ca} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}

do_eqp_test rtree6.2.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t1,t2 WHERE k=ii AND x1<10
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:Ca (~25 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:Ca} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}

do_eqp_test rtree6.2.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t1,t2 WHERE k=ii
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2: (~25 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}

do_eqp_test rtree6.2.4 {
  SELECT * FROM t1,t2 WHERE v=10 and x1<10 and x2>10
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:CaEb (~25 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~100000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:CaEb} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2}
}

do_eqp_test rtree6.2.5 {
  SELECT * FROM t1,t2 WHERE k=ii AND x1<v
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2: (~25 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}

do_execsql_test rtree6-3.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING rtree(id, x1, x2, y1, y2);
  INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(NULL, 1, 1, 2, 2);
  SELECT * FROM t3 WHERE 
    x1>0.5 AND x1>0.5 AND x1>0.5 AND x1>0.5 AND x1>0.5 AND x1>0.5 AND 

    execsql { DELETE FROM t2 WHERE id = $i }
  }
  execsql COMMIT
} {}


finish_test

    if( NEVER(v==0) ) return;  /* VDBE should have already been allocated */
    if( sqlite3ExprIsInteger(p->pLimit, &n) ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, n, iLimit);
      VdbeComment((v, "LIMIT counter"));
      if( n==0 ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iBreak);
      }else{
        if( p->nSelectRow > (double)n ) p->nSelectRow = (double)n;
        if( p->nSelectRow > n ) p->nSelectRow = n;
      }
    }else{
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, p->pLimit, iLimit);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_MustBeInt, iLimit);
      VdbeComment((v, "LIMIT counter"));
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IfZero, iLimit, iBreak);
    }

      rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, p, &dest);
      testcase( rc!=SQLITE_OK );
      pDelete = p->pPrior;
      p->pPrior = pPrior;
      p->nSelectRow += pPrior->nSelectRow;
      if( pPrior->pLimit
       && sqlite3ExprIsInteger(pPrior->pLimit, &nLimit)
       && p->nSelectRow > (double)nLimit 
       && p->nSelectRow > nLimit 
      ){
        p->nSelectRow = (double)nLimit;
        p->nSelectRow = nLimit;
      }
      if( addr ){
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
      }
      break;
    }
    case TK_EXCEPT:

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
static void explainSimpleCount(
  Parse *pParse,                  /* Parse context */
  Table *pTab,                    /* Table being queried */
  Index *pIdx                     /* Index used to optimize scan, or NULL */
){
  if( pParse->explain==2 ){
    char *zEqp = sqlite3MPrintf(pParse->db, "SCAN TABLE %s %s%s(~%d rows)",
    char *zEqp = sqlite3MPrintf(pParse->db, "SCAN TABLE %s%s%s",
        pTab->zName, 
        pIdx ? "USING COVERING INDEX " : "",
        pIdx ? pIdx->zName : "",
        pIdx ? " USING COVERING INDEX " : "",
        pIdx ? pIdx->zName : ""
        pTab->nRowEst
    );
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(
        pParse->pVdbe, OP_Explain, pParse->iSelectId, 0, 0, zEqp, P4_DYNAMIC
    );
  }
}
#else

  if( pDest->eDest==SRT_EphemTab ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, pDest->iSDParm, pEList->nExpr);
  }

  /* Set the limiter.
  */
  iEnd = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  p->nSelectRow = (double)LARGEST_INT64;
  p->nSelectRow = LARGEST_INT64;
  computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p, iEnd);
  if( p->iLimit==0 && addrSortIndex>=0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, addrSortIndex)->opcode = OP_SorterOpen;
    p->selFlags |= SF_UseSorter;
  }

  /* Open a virtual index to use for the distinct set.

      for(k=p->pEList->nExpr, pItem=p->pEList->a; k>0; k--, pItem++){
        pItem->iAlias = 0;
      }
      for(k=pGroupBy->nExpr, pItem=pGroupBy->a; k>0; k--, pItem++){
        pItem->iAlias = 0;
      }
      if( p->nSelectRow>(double)100 ) p->nSelectRow = (double)100;
      if( p->nSelectRow>100 ) p->nSelectRow = 100;
    }else{
      p->nSelectRow = (double)1;
      p->nSelectRow = 1;
    }

 
    /* Create a label to jump to when we want to abort the query */
    addrEnd = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);

    /* Convert TK_COLUMN nodes into TK_AGG_COLUMN and make entries in

*/
struct Select {
  ExprList *pEList;      /* The fields of the result */
  u8 op;                 /* One of: TK_UNION TK_ALL TK_INTERSECT TK_EXCEPT */
  u16 selFlags;          /* Various SF_* values */
  int iLimit, iOffset;   /* Memory registers holding LIMIT & OFFSET counters */
  int addrOpenEphm[3];   /* OP_OpenEphem opcodes related to this select */
  double nSelectRow;     /* Estimated number of result rows */
  u64 nSelectRow;        /* Estimated number of result rows */
  SrcList *pSrc;         /* The FROM clause */
  Expr *pWhere;          /* The WHERE clause */
  ExprList *pGroupBy;    /* The GROUP BY clause */
  Expr *pHaving;         /* The HAVING clause */
  ExprList *pOrderBy;    /* The ORDER BY clause */
  Select *pPrior;        /* Prior select in a compound select statement */
  Select *pNext;         /* Next select to the left in a compound */

  TableLock *aTableLock; /* Required table locks for shared-cache mode */
#endif
  AutoincInfo *pAinc;  /* Information about AUTOINCREMENT counters */

  /* Information used while coding trigger programs. */
  Parse *pToplevel;    /* Parse structure for main program (or NULL) */
  Table *pTriggerTab;  /* Table triggers are being coded for */
  double nQueryLoop;   /* Estimated number of iterations of a query */
  u32 nQueryLoop;      /* Estimated number of iterations of a query */
  u32 oldmask;         /* Mask of old.* columns referenced */
  u32 newmask;         /* Mask of new.* columns referenced */
  u8 eTriggerOp;       /* TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT or TK_DELETE */
  u8 eOrconf;          /* Default ON CONFLICT policy for trigger steps */
  u8 disableTriggers;  /* True to disable triggers */

  /* Above is constant between recursions.  Below is reset before and after

#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY)
Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,Expr*,Expr*,char*);
#endif
void sqlite3DeleteFrom(Parse*, SrcList*, Expr*);
void sqlite3Update(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*, Expr*, int);
WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,ExprList*,u16,int);
void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo*);
double sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo*);
u64 sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo*);
int sqlite3WhereIsDistinct(WhereInfo*);
int sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(WhereInfo*);
int sqlite3WhereContinueLabel(WhereInfo*);
int sqlite3WhereBreakLabel(WhereInfo*);
int sqlite3WhereOkOnePass(WhereInfo*);
int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int, u8);
void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(Vdbe*, Table*, int, int, int);

typedef struct WhereAndInfo WhereAndInfo;
typedef struct WhereLevel WhereLevel;
typedef struct WhereLoop WhereLoop;
typedef struct WherePath WherePath;
typedef struct WhereTerm WhereTerm;
typedef struct WhereLoopBuilder WhereLoopBuilder;
typedef struct WhereScan WhereScan;
typedef float WhereCost;

/*
** Cost X is tracked as 10*log2(X) stored in a 16-bit integer.  The
** maximum cost is 64*(2**63) which becomes 6900.  So all costs can be
** be stored in a 16-bit unsigned integer without risk of overflow.
*/
typedef unsigned short int WhereCost;

/*
** For each nested loop in a WHERE clause implementation, the WhereInfo
** structure contains a single instance of this structure.  This structure
** is intended to be private to the where.c module and should not be
** access or modified by other modules.
**

#define WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE 0x00000400  /* WhereLoop.u.vtab is valid */
#define WHERE_IN_ABLE      0x00000800  /* Able to support an IN operator */
#define WHERE_ONEROW       0x00001000  /* Selects no more than one row */
#define WHERE_MULTI_OR     0x00002000  /* OR using multiple indices */
#define WHERE_TEMP_INDEX   0x00004000  /* Uses an ephemeral index */
#define WHERE_COVER_SCAN   0x00008000  /* Full scan of a covering index */


/* Convert a WhereCost value (10 times log2(X)) into its integer value X.
*/
static u64 whereCostToInt(WhereCost x){
  u64 n;
  if( x<=10 ) return 1;
  n = x%10;
  x /= 10;
  if( n>=5 ) n -= 2;
  else if( n>=1 ) n -= 1;
  if( x>=3 ) return (n+8)<<(x-3);
  return (n+8)>>(3-x);
}

/*
** Return the estimated number of output rows from a WHERE clause
*/
double sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
  return (double)pWInfo->nRowOut;
u64 sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
  return whereCostToInt(pWInfo->nRowOut);
}

/*
** Return one of the WHERE_DISTINCT_xxxxx values to indicate how this
** WHERE clause returns outputs for DISTINCT processing.
*/
int sqlite3WhereIsDistinct(WhereInfo *pWInfo){

      return 1;
    }
  }

  return 0;
}

/*
/* 
** The sum of two WhereCosts
*/
static WhereCost whereCostAdd(WhereCost a, WhereCost b){
  static const unsigned char x[] = {
     10, 10,                         /* 0,1 */
      9, 9,                          /* 2,3 */
      8, 8,                          /* 4,5 */
      7, 7, 7,                       /* 6,7,8 */
      6, 6, 6,                       /* 9,10,11 */
      5, 5, 5,                       /* 12-14 */
      4, 4, 4, 4,                    /* 15-18 */
      3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,              /* 19-24 */
      2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,           /* 25-31 */
  };
  if( a>=b ){
    if( a>b+49 ) return a;
    if( a>b+31 ) return a+1;
    return a+x[a-b];
  }else{
    if( b>a+49 ) return b;
    if( b>a+31 ) return b+1;
    return b+x[b-a];
  }
}

/*
** Convert an integer into a WhereCost
*/
static WhereCost whereCostFromInt(tRowcnt x){
  static WhereCost a[] = { 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
  WhereCost y = 40;
  if( x<8 ){
    if( x<2 ) return 0;
    while( x<8 ){  y -= 10; x <<= 1; }
  }else{
    while( x>255 ){ y += 40; x >>= 4; }
    while( x>15 ){  y += 10; x >>= 1; }
  }
  return a[x&7] + y - 10;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/*
** Convert a double (as received from xBestIndex of a virtual table)
** into a WhereCost
*/
static WhereCost whereCostFromDouble(double x){
  u64 a;
  WhereCost e;
  assert( sizeof(x)==8 && sizeof(a)==8 );
  if( x<=1 ) return 0;
  if( x<=2000000000 ) return whereCostFromInt((tRowcnt)x);
  memcpy(&a, &x, 8);
  e = (a>>52) - 1022;
  return e*10;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

/*
** Prepare a crude estimate of the logarithm of the input value.
** The results need not be exact.  This is only used for estimating
** the total cost of performing operations with O(logN) or O(NlogN)
** complexity.  Because N is just a guess, it is no great tragedy if
** logN is a little off.
*/
static WhereCost estLog(WhereCost N){
  u32 a;
  assert( sizeof(WhereCost)==4 );  /* 32-bit float input */
  if( N<=0.0 ) return 0.0;
  return whereCostFromInt(N) - 33;
  memcpy(&a, &N, 4);
  return ((a >>= 23)-127)*0.3;
}

/*
** Two routines for printing the content of an sqlite3_index_info
** structure.  Used for testing and debugging only.  If neither
** SQLITE_TEST or SQLITE_DEBUG are defined, then these routines
** are no-ops.

  tRowcnt *aStat              /* OUT: stats written here */
){
  tRowcnt n;
  IndexSample *aSample;
  int i, eType;
  int isEq = 0;
  i64 v;
  WhereCost r, rS;
  double r, rS;

  assert( roundUp==0 || roundUp==1 );
  assert( pIdx->nSample>0 );
  if( pVal==0 ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
  n = pIdx->aiRowEst[0];
  aSample = pIdx->aSample;
  eType = sqlite3_value_type(pVal);

      ){
        iUpper = a[0];
        if( (pUpper->eOperator & WO_LE)!=0 ) iUpper += a[1];
      }
      sqlite3ValueFree(pRangeVal);
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      WhereCost iBase = whereCostFromInt(p->aiRowEst[0]);
      if( iUpper<=iLower ){
      if( iUpper>iLower ){
        *pRangeDiv = (WhereCost)p->aiRowEst[0];
      }else{
        *pRangeDiv = (WhereCost)p->aiRowEst[0]/(WhereCost)(iUpper - iLower);
        iBase -= whereCostFromInt(iUpper - iLower);
      }
      *pRangeDiv = iBase;
      /*WHERETRACE(("range scan regions: %u..%u  div=%g\n",
                  (u32)iLower, (u32)iUpper, *pRangeDiv));*/
      return SQLITE_OK;
    }
  }
#else
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(pParse);
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(p);
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(nEq);
#endif
  assert( pLower || pUpper );
  *pRangeDiv = (WhereCost)1;
  if( pLower && (pLower->wtFlags & TERM_VNULL)==0 ) *pRangeDiv *= (WhereCost)4;
  if( pUpper ) *pRangeDiv *= (WhereCost)4;
  *pRangeDiv = 0;
  if( pLower && (pLower->wtFlags & TERM_VNULL)==0 ){
    *pRangeDiv += 20;  assert( 20==whereCostFromInt(4) );
  }
  if( pUpper ){
    *pRangeDiv += 20;  assert( 20==whereCostFromInt(4) );
  }
  return rc;
}

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3
/*
** Estimate the number of rows that will be returned based on
** an equality constraint x=VALUE and where that VALUE occurs in

** for a UTF conversion required for comparison.  The error is stored
** in the pParse structure.
*/
static int whereEqualScanEst(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing & code generating context */
  Index *p,            /* The index whose left-most column is pTerm */
  Expr *pExpr,         /* Expression for VALUE in the x=VALUE constraint */
  WhereCost *pnRow     /* Write the revised row estimate here */
  tRowcnt *pnRow       /* Write the revised row estimate here */
){
  sqlite3_value *pRhs = 0;  /* VALUE on right-hand side of pTerm */
  u8 aff;                   /* Column affinity */
  int rc;                   /* Subfunction return code */
  tRowcnt a[2];             /* Statistics */

  assert( p->aSample!=0 );

** for a UTF conversion required for comparison.  The error is stored
** in the pParse structure.
*/
static int whereInScanEst(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing & code generating context */
  Index *p,            /* The index whose left-most column is pTerm */
  ExprList *pList,     /* The value list on the RHS of "x IN (v1,v2,v3,...)" */
  WhereCost *pnRow     /* Write the revised row estimate here */
  tRowcnt *pnRow       /* Write the revised row estimate here */
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;         /* Subfunction return code */
  WhereCost nEst;                /* Number of rows for a single term */
  WhereCost nRowEst = (WhereCost)0; /* New estimate of the number of rows */
  int i;                      /* Loop counter */
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;     /* Subfunction return code */
  tRowcnt nEst;           /* Number of rows for a single term */
  tRowcnt nRowEst = 0;    /* New estimate of the number of rows */
  int i;                  /* Loop counter */

  assert( p->aSample!=0 );
  for(i=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<pList->nExpr; i++){
    nEst = p->aiRowEst[0];
    rc = whereEqualScanEst(pParse, p, pList->a[i].pExpr, &nEst);
    nRowEst += nEst;
  }

  u16 wctrlFlags                  /* Flags passed to sqlite3WhereBegin() */
){
  if( pParse->explain==2 ){
    struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pTabList->a[pLevel->iFrom];
    Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;      /* VM being constructed */
    sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;     /* Database handle */
    char *zMsg;                   /* Text to add to EQP output */
    sqlite3_int64 nRow;           /* Expected number of rows visited by scan */
    int iId = pParse->iSelectId;  /* Select id (left-most output column) */
    int isSearch;                 /* True for a SEARCH. False for SCAN. */
    WhereLoop *pLoop;             /* The controlling WhereLoop object */
    u32 flags;                    /* Flags that describe this loop */

    pLoop = pLevel->pWLoop;
    flags = pLoop->wsFlags;

    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    else if( (flags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE)!=0 ){
      zMsg = sqlite3MAppendf(db, zMsg, "%s VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX %d:%s", zMsg,
                  pLoop->u.vtab.idxNum, pLoop->u.vtab.idxStr);
    }
#endif
    if( wctrlFlags&(WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN|WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX) ){
      testcase( wctrlFlags & WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN );
      nRow = 1;
    }else{
      nRow = (sqlite3_int64)pLoop->nOut;
    }
    zMsg = sqlite3MAppendf(db, zMsg, "%s (~%lld rows)", zMsg, nRow);
    zMsg = sqlite3MAppendf(db, zMsg, "%s", zMsg);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Explain, iId, iLevel, iFrom, zMsg, P4_DYNAMIC);
  }
}
#else
# define explainOneScan(u,v,w,x,y,z)
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN */

}

#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
/*
** Print a WhereLoop object for debugging purposes
*/
static void whereLoopPrint(WhereLoop *p, SrcList *pTabList){
  int nb = 2*((pTabList->nSrc+15)/16);
  int nb = 1+(pTabList->nSrc+7)/8;
  struct SrcList_item *pItem = pTabList->a + p->iTab;
  Table *pTab = pItem->pTab;
  sqlite3DebugPrintf("%c %2d.%0*llx.%0*llx", p->cId,
                     p->iTab, nb, p->maskSelf, nb, p->prereq);
  sqlite3DebugPrintf(" %8s",
                     pItem->zAlias ? pItem->zAlias : pTab->zName);
  if( (p->wsFlags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE)==0 ){

    }else{
      z = sqlite3_mprintf("(%d,%x)", p->u.vtab.idxNum, p->u.vtab.omitMask);
    }
    sqlite3DebugPrintf(" %-15s", z);
    sqlite3_free(z);
  }
  sqlite3DebugPrintf(" fg %05x N %d", p->wsFlags, p->nLTerm);
  sqlite3DebugPrintf(" cost %.2g,%.2g,%.2g\n",
  sqlite3DebugPrintf(" cost %d,%d,%d\n", p->rSetup, p->rRun, p->nOut);
                     p->prereq, p->rSetup, p->rRun, p->nOut);
}
#endif

/*
** Convert bulk memory into a valid WhereLoop that can be passed
** to whereLoopClear harmlessly.
*/

  /* If pBuilder->pBest is defined, then only keep track of the single
  ** best WhereLoop.  pBuilder->pBest->maskSelf==0 indicates that no
  ** prior WhereLoops have been evaluated and that the current pTemplate
  ** is therefore the first and hence the best and should be retained.
  */
  if( (p = pBuilder->pBest)!=0 ){
    if( p->maskSelf!=0 ){
      WhereCost rCost = p->rRun + p->rSetup;
      WhereCost rTemplate = pTemplate->rRun + pTemplate->rSetup;
      WhereCost rCost = whereCostAdd(p->rRun,p->rSetup);
      WhereCost rTemplate = whereCostAdd(pTemplate->rRun,pTemplate->rSetup);
      if( rCost < rTemplate ){
        goto whereLoopInsert_noop;
      }
      if( rCost == rTemplate && p->prereq <= pTemplate->prereq ){
        goto whereLoopInsert_noop;
      }
    }
    whereLoopXfer(db, p, pTemplate);
#if WHERETRACE_ENABLED
    if( sqlite3WhereTrace & 0x8 ){
      sqlite3DebugPrintf("ins-best: ");
      sqlite3DebugPrintf(p->maskSelf==0 ? "ins-init: " : "ins-best: ");
      whereLoopPrint(pTemplate, pWInfo->pTabList);
    }
#endif
    whereLoopXfer(db, p, pTemplate);
    return SQLITE_OK;
  }

  /* Search for an existing WhereLoop to overwrite, or which takes
  ** priority over pTemplate.
  */
  for(ppPrev=&pWInfo->pLoops, p=*ppPrev; p; ppPrev=&p->pNextLoop, p=*ppPrev){

       && (pTemplate->wsFlags & WHERE_INDEXED)!=0
       && p->u.btree.pIndex==pTemplate->u.btree.pIndex
       && p->prereq==pTemplate->prereq
      ){
        /* Overwrite an existing WhereLoop with an similar one that uses
        ** more terms of the index */
        pNext = p->pNextLoop;
        break;
      }else if( p->nOut>pTemplate->nOut
       && p->rSetup==pTemplate->rSetup
       && p->rRun==pTemplate->rRun
      ){
        /* Overwrite an existing WhereLoop with the same cost but more
        ** outputs */
        pNext = p->pNextLoop;
        break;
      }else{
        /* pTemplate is not helpful.
        ** Return without changing or adding anything */
        goto whereLoopInsert_noop;
      }
    }

  }
  return SQLITE_OK;

  /* Jump here if the insert is a no-op */
whereLoopInsert_noop:
#if WHERETRACE_ENABLED
  if( sqlite3WhereTrace & 0x8 ){
    sqlite3DebugPrintf("ins-noop: ");
    sqlite3DebugPrintf(pBuilder->pBest ? "ins-skip: " : "ins-noop: ");
    whereLoopPrint(pTemplate, pWInfo->pTabList);
  }
#endif
  return SQLITE_OK;  
}

/*
** We have so far matched pBuilder->pNew->u.btree.nEq terms of the index pIndex.
** Try to match one more.
**
** If pProbe->tnum==0, that means pIndex is a fake index used for the
** INTEGER PRIMARY KEY.
*/
static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
  WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder,     /* The WhereLoop factory */
  struct SrcList_item *pSrc,      /* FROM clause term being analyzed */
  Index *pProbe,                  /* An index on pSrc */
  int nInMul                      /* Number of iterations due to IN */
  WhereCost nInMul                /* log(Number of iterations due to IN) */
){
  WhereInfo *pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;  /* WHERE analyse context */
  Parse *pParse = pWInfo->pParse;        /* Parsing context */
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;       /* Database connection malloc context */
  WhereLoop *pNew;                /* Template WhereLoop under construction */
  WhereTerm *pTerm;               /* A WhereTerm under consideration */
  int opMask;                     /* Valid operators for constraints */
  WhereScan scan;                 /* Iterator for WHERE terms */
  Bitmask saved_prereq;           /* Original value of pNew->prereq */
  u16 saved_nLTerm;               /* Original value of pNew->nLTerm */
  int saved_nEq;                  /* Original value of pNew->u.btree.nEq */
  u32 saved_wsFlags;              /* Original value of pNew->wsFlags */
  WhereCost saved_nOut;           /* Original value of pNew->nOut */
  int iCol;                       /* Index of the column in the table */
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return code */
  tRowcnt iRowEst;                /* Estimated index selectivity */
  WhereCost nRowEst;              /* Estimated index selectivity */
  WhereCost rLogSize;             /* Logarithm of table size */
  WhereTerm *pTop, *pBtm;         /* Top and bottom range constraints */

  pNew = pBuilder->pNew;
  if( db->mallocFailed ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;

  assert( (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE)==0 );
  assert( pNew->u.btree.nEq<=pProbe->nColumn );
  assert( (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_TOP_LIMIT)==0 );
  if( pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_BTM_LIMIT ){
    opMask = WO_LT|WO_LE;
  }else if( pProbe->tnum<=0 || (pSrc->jointype & JT_LEFT)!=0 ){
    opMask = WO_EQ|WO_IN|WO_GT|WO_GE|WO_LT|WO_LE;
  }else{
    opMask = WO_EQ|WO_IN|WO_ISNULL|WO_GT|WO_GE|WO_LT|WO_LE;
  }
  if( pProbe->bUnordered ) opMask &= ~(WO_GT|WO_GE|WO_LT|WO_LE);

  if( pNew->u.btree.nEq < pProbe->nColumn ){
    iCol = pProbe->aiColumn[pNew->u.btree.nEq];
    iRowEst = pProbe->aiRowEst[pNew->u.btree.nEq+1];
    nRowEst = whereCostFromInt(pProbe->aiRowEst[pNew->u.btree.nEq+1]);
  }else{
    iCol = -1;
    iRowEst = 1;
    nRowEst = 0;
  }
  pTerm = whereScanInit(&scan, pBuilder->pWC, pSrc->iCursor, iCol,
                        opMask, pProbe);
  saved_nEq = pNew->u.btree.nEq;
  saved_nLTerm = pNew->nLTerm;
  saved_wsFlags = pNew->wsFlags;
  saved_prereq = pNew->prereq;
  saved_nOut = pNew->nOut;
  pNew->rSetup = (WhereCost)0;
  rLogSize = estLog(pProbe->aiRowEst[0]);
  pNew->rSetup = 0;
  rLogSize = estLog(whereCostFromInt(pProbe->aiRowEst[0]));
  for(; rc==SQLITE_OK && pTerm!=0; pTerm = whereScanNext(&scan)){
    int nIn = 1;
    int nIn = 0;
    if( pTerm->prereqRight & pNew->maskSelf ) continue;
    pNew->wsFlags = saved_wsFlags;
    pNew->u.btree.nEq = saved_nEq;
    pNew->nLTerm = saved_nLTerm;
    if( whereLoopResize(db, pNew, pNew->nLTerm+1) ) break; /* OOM */
    pNew->aLTerm[pNew->nLTerm++] = pTerm;
    pNew->prereq = (saved_prereq | pTerm->prereqRight) & ~pNew->maskSelf;
    pNew->rRun = rLogSize;
    if( pTerm->eOperator & WO_IN ){
      Expr *pExpr = pTerm->pExpr;
      pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_COLUMN_IN;
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) ){
        /* "x IN (SELECT ...)":  Assume the SELECT returns 25 rows */
        nIn = 25;
        nIn = 46;  /* whereCostFromInt(25) */
      }else if( ALWAYS(pExpr->x.pList && pExpr->x.pList->nExpr) ){
        /* "x IN (value, value, ...)" */
        nIn = pExpr->x.pList->nExpr;
        nIn = whereCostFromInt(pExpr->x.pList->nExpr);
      }
      pNew->rRun *= nIn;
      pNew->rRun += nIn;
      pNew->u.btree.nEq++;
      pNew->nOut = (WhereCost)iRowEst * nInMul * nIn;
      pNew->nOut = nRowEst + nInMul + nIn;
    }else if( pTerm->eOperator & (WO_EQ) ){
      assert( (pNew->wsFlags & (WHERE_COLUMN_NULL|WHERE_COLUMN_IN))!=0
                  || nInMul==1 );
                  || nInMul==0 );
      pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_COLUMN_EQ;
      if( iCol<0  
       || (pProbe->onError!=OE_None && nInMul==1
       || (pProbe->onError!=OE_None && nInMul==0
           && pNew->u.btree.nEq==pProbe->nColumn-1)
      ){
        testcase( pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_COLUMN_IN );
        pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_ONEROW;
      }
      pNew->u.btree.nEq++;
      pNew->nOut = (WhereCost)iRowEst * nInMul;
      pNew->nOut = nRowEst + nInMul;
    }else if( pTerm->eOperator & (WO_ISNULL) ){
      pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_COLUMN_NULL;
      pNew->u.btree.nEq++;
      nIn = 2;  /* Assume IS NULL matches two rows */
      pNew->nOut = (WhereCost)iRowEst * nInMul * nIn;
      nIn = 10;  /* Assume IS NULL matches two rows */
      pNew->nOut = nRowEst + nInMul + nIn;
    }else if( pTerm->eOperator & (WO_GT|WO_GE) ){
      pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_COLUMN_RANGE|WHERE_BTM_LIMIT;
      pBtm = pTerm;
      pTop = 0;
    }else if( pTerm->eOperator & (WO_LT|WO_LE) ){
      pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_COLUMN_RANGE|WHERE_TOP_LIMIT;
      pTop = pTerm;
      pBtm = (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_BTM_LIMIT)!=0 ?
                     pNew->aLTerm[pNew->nLTerm-2] : 0;
    }
    if( pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_COLUMN_RANGE ){
      /* Adjust nOut and rRun for STAT3 range values */
      WhereCost rDiv;
      whereRangeScanEst(pParse, pProbe, pNew->u.btree.nEq,
                        pBtm, pTop, &rDiv);
      pNew->nOut = saved_nOut/rDiv;
      pNew->nOut = saved_nOut>rDiv+10 ? saved_nOut - rDiv : 10;
    }
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3
    if( pNew->u.btree.nEq==1 && pProbe->nSample ){
      tRowcnt nOut = 0;
      if( (pTerm->eOperator & (WO_EQ|WO_ISNULL))!=0 ){
        rc = whereEqualScanEst(pParse, pProbe, pTerm->pExpr->pRight,
        rc = whereEqualScanEst(pParse, pProbe, pTerm->pExpr->pRight, &nOut);
                               &pNew->nOut);
      }else if( (pTerm->eOperator & WO_IN)
             &&  !ExprHasProperty(pTerm->pExpr, EP_xIsSelect)  ){
        rc = whereInScanEst(pParse, pProbe, pTerm->pExpr->x.pList,
        rc = whereInScanEst(pParse, pProbe, pTerm->pExpr->x.pList, &nOut);
                             &pNew->nOut);

      }
      }
      pNew->nOut = whereCostFromInt(nOut);
    }
#endif
    if( pNew->wsFlags & (WHERE_IDX_ONLY|WHERE_IPK) ){
      /* Step cost for each output row */
      pNew->rRun += pNew->nOut;  /* Unit step cost to reach each row */
      pNew->rRun = whereCostAdd(pNew->rRun, pNew->nOut);
    }else{
      /* Each row involves a step of the index, then a binary search of
      ** the main table */
      WhereCost rStepAndSearch = whereCostAdd(10, rLogSize>17 ? rLogSize-17 : 1);
      pNew->rRun += pNew->nOut*(1 + rLogSize);
      pNew->rRun =  whereCostAdd(pNew->rRun, rStepAndSearch);
    }
    /* TBD: Adjust nOut for additional constraints */
    rc = whereLoopInsert(pBuilder, pNew);
    if( (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_TOP_LIMIT)==0
     && pNew->u.btree.nEq<=pProbe->nColumn
     && pProbe->zName!=0
    ){
      whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(pBuilder, pSrc, pProbe, nInMul*nIn);
      whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(pBuilder, pSrc, pProbe, nInMul+nIn);
    }
  }
  pNew->prereq = saved_prereq;
  pNew->u.btree.nEq = saved_nEq;
  pNew->wsFlags = saved_wsFlags;
  pNew->nOut = saved_nOut;
  pNew->nLTerm = saved_nLTerm;

  int aiColumnPk = -1;        /* The aColumn[] value for the sPk index */
  SrcList *pTabList;          /* The FROM clause */
  struct SrcList_item *pSrc;  /* The FROM clause btree term to add */
  WhereLoop *pNew;            /* Template WhereLoop object */
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;         /* Return code */
  int iSortIdx = 1;           /* Index number */
  int b;                      /* A boolean value */
  WhereCost rSize;               /* number of rows in the table */
  WhereCost rLogSize;            /* Logarithm of the number of rows in the table */
  WhereCost rSize;            /* number of rows in the table */
  WhereCost rLogSize;         /* Logarithm of the number of rows in the table */
  
  pNew = pBuilder->pNew;
  pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;
  pTabList = pWInfo->pTabList;
  pSrc = pTabList->a + pNew->iTab;
  assert( !IsVirtual(pSrc->pTab) );

    if( pSrc->notIndexed==0 ){
      /* The real indices of the table are only considered if the
      ** NOT INDEXED qualifier is omitted from the FROM clause */
      sPk.pNext = pFirst;
    }
    pProbe = &sPk;
  }
  rSize = (WhereCost)pSrc->pTab->nRowEst;
  rSize = whereCostFromInt(pSrc->pTab->nRowEst);
  rLogSize = estLog(rSize);

  /* Automatic indexes */
  if( !pBuilder->pBest
   && pTabList->nSrc>1
   && (pWInfo->pParse->db->flags & SQLITE_AutoIndex)!=0 
   && !pSrc->viaCoroutine

    for(pTerm=pWC->a; rc==SQLITE_OK && pTerm<pWCEnd; pTerm++){
      if( pTerm->prereqRight & pNew->maskSelf ) continue;
      if( termCanDriveIndex(pTerm, pSrc, 0) ){
        pNew->u.btree.nEq = 1;
        pNew->u.btree.pIndex = 0;
        pNew->nLTerm = 1;
        pNew->aLTerm[0] = pTerm;
        assert( 43==whereCostFromInt(20) );
        pNew->rSetup = 20*rLogSize*pSrc->pTab->nRowEst;
        pNew->nOut = (WhereCost)10;
        pNew->rRun = rLogSize + pNew->nOut;
        pNew->rSetup = 43 + rLogSize + rSize;
        pNew->nOut = 33;  assert( 33==whereCostFromInt(10) );
        pNew->rRun = whereCostAdd(rLogSize,pNew->nOut);
        pNew->wsFlags = WHERE_TEMP_INDEX;
        pNew->prereq = mExtra | pTerm->prereqRight;
        rc = whereLoopInsert(pBuilder, pNew);
      }
    }
  }

  /* Loop over all indices
  */
  for(; rc==SQLITE_OK && pProbe; pProbe=pProbe->pNext, iSortIdx++){
    pNew->u.btree.nEq = 0;
    pNew->nLTerm = 0;
    pNew->iSortIdx = 0;
    pNew->rSetup = (WhereCost)0;
    pNew->rSetup = 0;
    pNew->prereq = mExtra;
    pNew->u.btree.pIndex = pProbe;
    b = indexMightHelpWithOrderBy(pBuilder, pProbe, pSrc->iCursor);
    if( pProbe->tnum<=0 ){
      /* Integer primary key index */
      pNew->wsFlags = WHERE_IPK;

      /* Full table scan */
      pNew->iSortIdx = b ? iSortIdx : 0;
      pNew->nOut = rSize;
      pNew->rRun = (rSize + rLogSize)*(3+b); /* 4x penalty for a full-scan */
      pNew->rRun = whereCostAdd(rSize,rLogSize) + 16 + b*4;
      rc = whereLoopInsert(pBuilder, pNew);
      if( rc ) break;
    }else{
      Bitmask m = pSrc->colUsed & ~columnsUsedByIndex(pProbe);
      pNew->wsFlags = (m==0) ? (WHERE_IDX_ONLY|WHERE_INDEXED) : WHERE_INDEXED;

      /* Full scan via index */
      if( (m==0 || b)
       && pProbe->bUnordered==0
       && (pWInfo->wctrlFlags & WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED)==0
       && sqlite3GlobalConfig.bUseCis
       && OptimizationEnabled(pWInfo->pParse->db, SQLITE_CoverIdxScan)
      ){
        pNew->iSortIdx = b ? iSortIdx : 0;
        pNew->nOut = rSize;
        pNew->rRun = (m==0) ? (rSize + rLogSize)*(1+b) : (rSize*rLogSize);
        pNew->rRun = whereCostAdd(rSize,rLogSize) + ((m==0 && b) ? 10 : 0);
        rc = whereLoopInsert(pBuilder, pNew);
        if( rc ) break;
      }
    }
    rc = whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(pBuilder, pSrc, pProbe, 1);
    rc = whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(pBuilder, pSrc, pProbe, 0);

    /* If there was an INDEXED BY clause, then only that one index is
    ** considered. */
    if( pSrc->pIndex ) break;
  }
  return rc;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/*
** Add all WhereLoop objects for a table of the join identified by
** pBuilder->pNew->iTab.  That table is guaranteed to be a virtual table.
*/
static int whereLoopAddVirtual(
  WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder,  /* WHERE clause information */
  Bitmask mExtra               /* Extra prerequesites for using this table */

    }
    memset(pUsage, 0, sizeof(pUsage[0])*pIdxInfo->nConstraint);
    if( pIdxInfo->needToFreeIdxStr ) sqlite3_free(pIdxInfo->idxStr);
    pIdxInfo->idxStr = 0;
    pIdxInfo->idxNum = 0;
    pIdxInfo->needToFreeIdxStr = 0;
    pIdxInfo->orderByConsumed = 0;
    /* ((WhereCost)2) In case of SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT... */
    pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = SQLITE_BIG_DBL / ((WhereCost)2);
    pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = SQLITE_BIG_DBL / (double)2;
    rc = vtabBestIndex(pParse, pTab, pIdxInfo);
    if( rc ) goto whereLoopAddVtab_exit;
    pIdxCons = *(struct sqlite3_index_constraint**)&pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
    pNew->prereq = 0;
    mxTerm = -1;
    assert( pNew->nLSlot>=nConstraint );
    for(i=0; i<nConstraint; i++) pNew->aLTerm[i] = 0;

      assert( pNew->nLTerm<=pNew->nLSlot );
      pNew->u.vtab.idxNum = pIdxInfo->idxNum;
      pNew->u.vtab.needFree = pIdxInfo->needToFreeIdxStr;
      pIdxInfo->needToFreeIdxStr = 0;
      pNew->u.vtab.idxStr = pIdxInfo->idxStr;
      pNew->u.vtab.isOrdered = (u8)((pIdxInfo->nOrderBy!=0)
                                     && pIdxInfo->orderByConsumed);
      pNew->rSetup = (WhereCost)0;
      pNew->rRun = pIdxInfo->estimatedCost;
      pNew->nOut = (WhereCost)25;
      pNew->rSetup = 0;
      pNew->rRun = whereCostFromDouble(pIdxInfo->estimatedCost);
      pNew->nOut = 46;  assert( 46 == whereCostFromInt(25) );
      whereLoopInsert(pBuilder, pNew);
      if( pNew->u.vtab.needFree ){
        sqlite3_free(pNew->u.vtab.idxStr);
        pNew->u.vtab.needFree = 0;
      }
    }
  }  

whereLoopAddVtab_exit:
  if( pIdxInfo->needToFreeIdxStr ) sqlite3_free(pIdxInfo->idxStr);
  sqlite3DbFree(db, pIdxInfo);
  return rc;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

/*
** Add WhereLoop entries to handle OR terms.  This works for either
** btrees or virtual tables.
*/
static int whereLoopAddOr(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder, Bitmask mExtra){
  WhereInfo *pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;

          sSubBuild.pWC = &tempWC;
        }else{
          continue;
        }
        sBest.maskSelf = 0;
        sBest.rSetup = 0;
        sBest.rRun = 0;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
        if( IsVirtual(pItem->pTab) ){
          rc = whereLoopAddVirtual(&sSubBuild, mExtra);
        }else{
        }else
#endif
        {
          rc = whereLoopAddBtree(&sSubBuild, mExtra);
        }
        if( sBest.maskSelf==0 ) break;
        assert( sBest.rSetup==(WhereCost)0 );
        rTotal += sBest.rRun;
        nRow += sBest.nOut;
        assert( sBest.rSetup==0 );
        rTotal = whereCostAdd(rTotal, sBest.rRun);
        nRow = whereCostAdd(nRow, sBest.nOut);
        prereq |= sBest.prereq;
      }
      assert( pNew->nLSlot>=1 );
      pNew->nLTerm = 1;
      pNew->aLTerm[0] = pTerm;
      pNew->wsFlags = WHERE_MULTI_OR;
      pNew->rSetup = (WhereCost)0;
      pNew->rSetup = 0;
      pNew->rRun = rTotal;
      pNew->nOut = nRow;
      pNew->prereq = prereq;
      memset(&pNew->u, 0, sizeof(pNew->u));
      rc = whereLoopInsert(pBuilder, pNew);
      whereLoopClear(pWInfo->pParse->db, &sBest);
    }

  Bitmask mPrior = 0;
  int iTab;
  SrcList *pTabList = pWInfo->pTabList;
  struct SrcList_item *pItem;
  sqlite3 *db = pWInfo->pParse->db;
  int nTabList = pWInfo->nLevel;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  u8 priorJoinType = 0;
  WhereLoop *pNew, sNew;
  WhereLoop *pNew;

  /* Loop over the tables in the join, from left to right */
  pBuilder->pNew = pNew = &sNew;
  pNew = pBuilder->pNew;
  whereLoopInit(pNew);
  for(iTab=0, pItem=pTabList->a; iTab<nTabList; iTab++, pItem++){
    pNew->iTab = iTab;
    pNew->maskSelf = getMask(&pWInfo->sMaskSet, pItem->iCursor);
    if( (pItem->jointype & (JT_LEFT|JT_CROSS))!=0 ){
    if( ((pItem->jointype|priorJoinType) & (JT_LEFT|JT_CROSS))!=0 ){
      mExtra = mPrior;
    }
    priorJoinType = pItem->jointype;
    if( IsVirtual(pItem->pTab) ){
      rc = whereLoopAddVirtual(pBuilder, mExtra);
    }else{
      rc = whereLoopAddBtree(pBuilder, mExtra);
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = whereLoopAddOr(pBuilder, mExtra);
    }
    mPrior |= pNew->maskSelf;
    if( rc || db->mallocFailed ) break;
  }
  whereLoopClear(db, pNew);
  pBuilder->pNew = 0;
  return rc;
}

/*
** Examine a WherePath (with the addition of the extra WhereLoop of the 5th
** parameters) to see if it outputs rows in the requested ORDER BY
** (or GROUP BY) without requiring a separate source operation.  Return:

  memset(aFrom, 0, sizeof(aFrom[0]));
  pX = (WhereLoop**)(aFrom+mxChoice);
  for(ii=mxChoice*2, pFrom=aTo; ii>0; ii--, pFrom++, pX += nLoop){
    pFrom->aLoop = pX;
  }

  /* Seed the search with a single WherePath containing zero WhereLoops */
  aFrom[0].nRow = (WhereCost)1;
  aFrom[0].nRow = 0;
  nFrom = 1;

  /* Precompute the cost of sorting the final result set, if the caller
  ** to sqlite3WhereBegin() was concerned about sorting */
  rSortCost = (WhereCost)0;
  if( pWInfo->pOrderBy==0 || nRowEst<=0.0 ){
  rSortCost = 0;
  if( pWInfo->pOrderBy==0 || nRowEst==0 ){
    aFrom[0].isOrderedValid = 1;
  }else{
    /* Compute an estimate on the cost to sort the entire result set */
    rSortCost = nRowEst*estLog(nRowEst);
    rSortCost = nRowEst + estLog(nRowEst);
#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
    if( sqlite3WhereTrace>=2 ){
      sqlite3DebugPrintf("---- sort cost=%-7.2g\n", rSortCost);
      sqlite3DebugPrintf("---- sort cost=%-3d\n", rSortCost);
    }
#endif
  }

  /* Compute successively longer WherePaths using the previous generation
  ** of WherePaths as the basis for the next.  Keep track of the mxChoice
  ** best paths at each generation */
  for(iLoop=0; iLoop<nLoop; iLoop++){
    nTo = 0;
    for(ii=0, pFrom=aFrom; ii<nFrom; ii++, pFrom++){
      for(pWLoop=pWInfo->pLoops; pWLoop; pWLoop=pWLoop->pNextLoop){
        Bitmask maskNew;
        Bitmask revMask = 0;
        u8 isOrderedValid = pFrom->isOrderedValid;
        u8 isOrdered = pFrom->isOrdered;
        if( (pWLoop->prereq & ~pFrom->maskLoop)!=0 ) continue;
        if( (pWLoop->maskSelf & pFrom->maskLoop)!=0 ) continue;
        /* At this point, pWLoop is a candidate to be the next loop. 
        ** Compute its cost */
        rCost = whereCostAdd(pWLoop->rSetup,pWLoop->rRun + pFrom->nRow);
        rCost = pWLoop->rSetup + pWLoop->rRun*pFrom->nRow + pFrom->rCost;
        rCost = whereCostAdd(rCost, pFrom->rCost);
        maskNew = pFrom->maskLoop | pWLoop->maskSelf;
        if( !isOrderedValid ){
          switch( wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(pWInfo, pFrom, iLoop, iLoop==nLoop-1,
                                            pWLoop, &revMask) ){
            case 1:  /* Yes.  pFrom+pWLoop does satisfy the ORDER BY clause */
              isOrdered = 1;
              isOrderedValid = 1;
              break;
            case 0:  /* No.  pFrom+pWLoop will require a separate sort */
              isOrdered = 0;
              isOrderedValid = 1;
              rCost += rSortCost;
              rCost = whereCostAdd(rCost, rSortCost);
              break;
            default: /* Cannot tell yet.  Try again on the next iteration */
              break;
          }
        }else{
          revMask = pFrom->revLoop;
        }
        /* Check to see if pWLoop should be added to the mxChoice best so far */
        for(jj=0, pTo=aTo; jj<nTo; jj++, pTo++){
          if( pTo->maskLoop==maskNew && pTo->isOrderedValid==isOrderedValid ){
            break;
          }
        }
        if( jj>=nTo ){
          if( nTo>=mxChoice && rCost>=mxCost ){
#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
            if( sqlite3WhereTrace&0x4 ){
              sqlite3DebugPrintf("Skip   %s cost=%-7.2g order=%c\n",
              sqlite3DebugPrintf("Skip   %s cost=%3d order=%c\n",
                  wherePathName(pFrom, iLoop, pWLoop), rCost,
                  isOrderedValid ? (isOrdered ? 'Y' : 'N') : '?');
            }
#endif
            continue;
          }
          /* Add a new Path to the aTo[] set */
          if( nTo<mxChoice ){
            /* Increase the size of the aTo set by one */
            jj = nTo++;
          }else{
            /* New path replaces the prior worst to keep count below mxChoice */
            for(jj=nTo-1; aTo[jj].rCost<mxCost; jj--){ assert(jj>0); }
          }
          pTo = &aTo[jj];
#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
          if( sqlite3WhereTrace&0x4 ){
            sqlite3DebugPrintf("New    %s cost=%-7.2g order=%c\n",
            sqlite3DebugPrintf("New    %s cost=%-3d order=%c\n",
                wherePathName(pFrom, iLoop, pWLoop), rCost,
                isOrderedValid ? (isOrdered ? 'Y' : 'N') : '?');
          }
#endif
        }else{
          if( pTo->rCost<=rCost ){
#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
            if( sqlite3WhereTrace&0x4 ){
              sqlite3DebugPrintf(
                  "Skip   %s cost=%-7.2g order=%c",
                  "Skip   %s cost=%-3d order=%c",
                  wherePathName(pFrom, iLoop, pWLoop), rCost,
                  isOrderedValid ? (isOrdered ? 'Y' : 'N') : '?');
              sqlite3DebugPrintf("   vs %s cost=%-7.2g order=%c\n",
              sqlite3DebugPrintf("   vs %s cost=%-3d order=%c\n",
                  wherePathName(pTo, iLoop+1, 0), pTo->rCost,
                  pTo->isOrderedValid ? (pTo->isOrdered ? 'Y' : 'N') : '?');
            }
#endif
            continue;
          }
          /* A new and better score for a previously created equivalent path */
#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
          if( sqlite3WhereTrace&0x4 ){
            sqlite3DebugPrintf(
                "Update %s cost=%-7.2g order=%c",
                "Update %s cost=%-3d order=%c",
                wherePathName(pFrom, iLoop, pWLoop), rCost,
                isOrderedValid ? (isOrdered ? 'Y' : 'N') : '?');
            sqlite3DebugPrintf("  was %s cost=%-7.2g order=%c\n",
            sqlite3DebugPrintf("  was %s cost=%-3d order=%c\n",
                wherePathName(pTo, iLoop+1, 0), pTo->rCost,
                pTo->isOrderedValid ? (pTo->isOrdered ? 'Y' : 'N') : '?');
          }
#endif
        }
        /* pWLoop is a winner.  Add it to the set of best so far */
        pTo->maskLoop = pFrom->maskLoop | pWLoop->maskSelf;
        pTo->revLoop = revMask;
        pTo->nRow = pFrom->nRow * pWLoop->nOut;
        pTo->nRow = pFrom->nRow + pWLoop->nOut;
        pTo->rCost = rCost;
        pTo->isOrderedValid = isOrderedValid;
        pTo->isOrdered = isOrdered;
        memcpy(pTo->aLoop, pFrom->aLoop, sizeof(WhereLoop*)*iLoop);
        pTo->aLoop[iLoop] = pWLoop;
        if( nTo>=mxChoice ){
          mxCost = aTo[0].rCost;
          for(jj=1, pTo=&aTo[1]; jj<mxChoice; jj++, pTo++){
            if( pTo->rCost>mxCost ) mxCost = pTo->rCost;
          }
        }
      }
    }

#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
    if( sqlite3WhereTrace>=2 ){
      sqlite3DebugPrintf("---- after round %d ----\n", iLoop);
      for(ii=0, pTo=aTo; ii<nTo; ii++, pTo++){
        sqlite3DebugPrintf(" %s cost=%-7.2g nrow=%-7.2g order=%c",
        sqlite3DebugPrintf(" %s cost=%-3d nrow=%-3d order=%c",
           wherePathName(pTo, iLoop+1, 0), pTo->rCost, pTo->nRow,
           pTo->isOrderedValid ? (pTo->isOrdered ? 'Y' : 'N') : '?');
        if( pTo->isOrderedValid && pTo->isOrdered ){
          sqlite3DebugPrintf(" rev=0x%llx\n", pTo->revLoop);
        }else{
          sqlite3DebugPrintf("\n");
        }

** general-purpose query planner, and thereby yield faster sqlite3_prepare()
** times for the common case.
**
** Return non-zero on success, if this query can be handled by this
** no-frills query planner.  Return zero if this query needs the 
** general-purpose query planner.
*/
static int whereSimpleFastCase(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder){
static int whereShortCut(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder){
  WhereInfo *pWInfo;
  struct SrcList_item *pItem;
  WhereClause *pWC;
  WhereTerm *pTerm;
  WhereLoop *pLoop;
  int iCur;
  int j;
  Table *pTab;
  Index *pIdx;
  
  pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;
  if( pWInfo->wctrlFlags & WHERE_FORCE_TABLE ) return 0;
  assert( pWInfo->pTabList->nSrc>=1 );
  pItem = pWInfo->pTabList->a;
  pTab = pItem->pTab;
  if( IsVirtual(pTab) ) return 0;
  if( pItem->zIndex ) return 0;
  iCur = pItem->iCursor;
  pWC = &pWInfo->sWC;
  pLoop = pBuilder->pNew;
  pLoop->wsFlags = 0;
  pTerm = findTerm(pWC, iCur, -1, 0, WO_EQ, 0);
  if( pTerm ){
    pLoop->wsFlags = WHERE_COLUMN_EQ|WHERE_IPK|WHERE_ONEROW;
    pLoop->aLTerm[0] = pTerm;
    pLoop->nLTerm = 1;
    pLoop->u.btree.nEq = 1;
    pLoop->rRun = (WhereCost)10;
    pLoop->rRun = 33;  /* 33 == whereCostFromInt(10) */
  }else{
    for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
      if( pIdx->onError==OE_None ) continue;
      for(j=0; j<pIdx->nColumn; j++){
        pTerm = findTerm(pWC, iCur, pIdx->aiColumn[j], 0, WO_EQ, pIdx);
        if( pTerm==0 ) break;
        whereLoopResize(pWInfo->pParse->db, pLoop, j);
        pLoop->aLTerm[j] = pTerm;
      }
      if( j!=pIdx->nColumn ) continue;
      pLoop->wsFlags = WHERE_COLUMN_EQ|WHERE_ONEROW|WHERE_INDEXED;
      if( (pItem->colUsed & ~columnsUsedByIndex(pIdx))==0 ){
        pLoop->wsFlags |= WHERE_IDX_ONLY;
      }
      pLoop->nLTerm = j;
      pLoop->u.btree.nEq = j;
      pLoop->u.btree.pIndex = pIdx;
      pLoop->rRun = (WhereCost)15;
      pLoop->rRun = 39;  /* 39 == whereCostFromInt(15) */
      break;
    }
  }
  if( pLoop->wsFlags ){
    pLoop->nOut = (WhereCost)1;
    pWInfo->a[0].pWLoop = pLoop;
    pLoop->maskSelf = getMask(&pWInfo->sMaskSet, iCur);

  pWInfo->wctrlFlags = wctrlFlags;
  pWInfo->savedNQueryLoop = pParse->nQueryLoop;
  pMaskSet = &pWInfo->sMaskSet;
  sWLB.pWInfo = pWInfo;
  sWLB.pWC = &pWInfo->sWC;
  sWLB.pNew = (WhereLoop*)&pWInfo->a[nTabList];
  whereLoopInit(sWLB.pNew);
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  sWLB.pNew->cId = '*';
#endif

  /* Disable the DISTINCT optimization if SQLITE_DistinctOpt is set via
  ** sqlite3_test_ctrl(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS,...) */
  if( OptimizationDisabled(db, SQLITE_DistinctOpt) ) pDistinct = 0;

  /* Split the WHERE clause into separate subexpressions where each
  ** subexpression is separated by an AND operator.

  if( pDistinct && isDistinctRedundant(pParse,pTabList,&pWInfo->sWC,pDistinct) ){
    pDistinct = 0;
    pWInfo->eDistinct = WHERE_DISTINCT_UNIQUE;
  }

  /* Construct the WhereLoop objects */
  WHERETRACE(("*** Optimizer Start ***\n"));
  if( nTabList!=1 || whereSimpleFastCase(&sWLB)==0 ){
  if( nTabList!=1 || whereShortCut(&sWLB)==0 ){
    rc = whereLoopAddAll(&sWLB);
    if( rc ) goto whereBeginError;
  
    /* Display all of the WhereLoop objects if wheretrace is enabled */
#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
    if( sqlite3WhereTrace ){
      WhereLoop *p;

if {$::tcl_platform(platform)=="unix"} {
  ifcapable !default_autovacuum {
    run_test_suite autovacuum_crash
  }
}

finish_test

    COMMIT;
    ANALYZE;
  }
} {}

do_eqp_test analyze3-1.1.2 {
  SELECT sum(y) FROM t1 WHERE x>200 AND x<300
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (x>? AND x<?) (~179 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (x>? AND x<?)}}
do_eqp_test analyze3-1.1.3 {
  SELECT sum(y) FROM t1 WHERE x>0 AND x<1100 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (x>? AND x<?) (~959 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (x>? AND x<?)}}

do_test analyze3-1.1.4 {
  sf_execsql { SELECT sum(y) FROM t1 WHERE x>200 AND x<300 }
} {199 0 14850}
do_test analyze3-1.1.5 {
  set l [string range "200" 0 end]
  set u [string range "300" 0 end]

      CREATE INDEX i2 ON t2(x);
    COMMIT;
    ANALYZE;
  }
} {}
do_eqp_test analyze3-1.2.2 {
  SELECT sum(y) FROM t2 WHERE x>1 AND x<2
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i2 (x>? AND x<?) (~196 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i2 (x>? AND x<?)}}
do_eqp_test analyze3-1.2.3 {
  SELECT sum(y) FROM t2 WHERE x>0 AND x<99
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i2 (x>? AND x<?) (~968 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i2 (x>? AND x<?)}}
do_test analyze3-1.2.4 {
  sf_execsql { SELECT sum(y) FROM t2 WHERE x>12 AND x<20 }
} {161 0 4760}
do_test analyze3-1.2.5 {
  set l [string range "12" 0 end]
  set u [string range "20" 0 end]
  sf_execsql {SELECT typeof($l), typeof($u), sum(y) FROM t2 WHERE x>$l AND x<$u}

      CREATE INDEX i3 ON t3(x);
    COMMIT;
    ANALYZE;
  }
} {}
do_eqp_test analyze3-1.3.2 {
  SELECT sum(y) FROM t3 WHERE x>200 AND x<300
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t3 USING INDEX i3 (x>? AND x<?) (~156 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t3 USING INDEX i3 (x>? AND x<?)}}
do_eqp_test analyze3-1.3.3 {
  SELECT sum(y) FROM t3 WHERE x>0 AND x<1100
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t3 USING INDEX i3 (x>? AND x<?) (~989 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t3 USING INDEX i3 (x>? AND x<?)}}

do_test analyze3-1.3.4 {
  sf_execsql { SELECT sum(y) FROM t3 WHERE x>200 AND x<300 }
} {199 0 14850}
do_test analyze3-1.3.5 {
  set l [string range "200" 0 end]
  set u [string range "300" 0 end]

    append t [lindex {a b c d e f g h i j} [expr ($i%10)]]
    execsql { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES($i, $t) }
  }
  execsql COMMIT
} {}
do_eqp_test analyze3-2.2 {
  SELECT count(a) FROM t1 WHERE b LIKE 'a%'
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (b>? AND b<?) (~31250 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (b>? AND b<?)}}
do_eqp_test analyze3-2.3 {
  SELECT count(a) FROM t1 WHERE b LIKE '%a'
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~500000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}}

do_test analyze3-2.4 {
  sf_execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t1 WHERE b LIKE 'a%' }
} {101 0 100}
do_test analyze3-2.5 {
  sf_execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t1 WHERE b LIKE '%a' }
} {999 999 100}

do_test analyze3-3.2.5 {
  set S [sqlite3_prepare_v2 db "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b=?" -1 dummy]
  sqlite3_expired $S
} {0}
do_test analyze3-3.2.6 {
  sqlite3_bind_text $S 1 "abc" 3
  sqlite3_expired $S
} {0}
} {1}
do_test analyze3-3.2.7 {
  sqlite3_finalize $S
} {SQLITE_OK}

do_test analyze3-3.4.1 {
  set S [sqlite3_prepare_v2 db "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=? AND b>?" -1 dummy]
  sqlite3_expired $S

    INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+32, b FROM t1;
    INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+64, b FROM t1;
    ANALYZE;
  }

  # Should choose the t1a index since it is more specific than t1b.
  db eval {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=5 AND b IS NULL}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}

# Verify that the t1b index shows that it does not narrow down the
# search any at all.
#
do_test analyze4-1.1 {
  db eval {
    SELECT idx, stat FROM sqlite_stat1 WHERE tbl='t1' ORDER BY idx;

  301  {y=1}                 t1y   26
  302  {y=0.1}               t1y    1

  400  {x IS NULL}           t1x  400

} {
  # Verify that the expected index is used with the expected row count
  # No longer valid due to an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output format change
  do_test analyze5-1.${testid}a {
    set x [lindex [eqp "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE $where"] 3]
    set idx {}
    regexp {INDEX (t1.) } $x all idx
    regexp {~([0-9]+) rows} $x all nrow
    list $idx $nrow
  } [list $index $rows]
  # do_test analyze5-1.${testid}a {
  #   set x [lindex [eqp "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE $where"] 3]
  #   set idx {}
  #   regexp {INDEX (t1.) } $x all idx
  #   regexp {~([0-9]+) rows} $x all nrow
  #   list $idx $nrow
  # } [list $index $rows]

  # Verify that the same result is achieved regardless of whether or not
  # the index is used
  do_test analyze5-1.${testid}b {
    set w2 [string map {y +y z +z} $where]
    set a1 [db eval "SELECT rowid FROM t1 NOT INDEXED WHERE $w2\
                     ORDER BY +rowid"]

  503  {x=1}                               t1x   1
  504  {x IS NOT NULL}                     t1x   2
  505  {+x IS NOT NULL}                     {} 500
  506  {upper(x) IS NOT NULL}               {} 500

} {
  # Verify that the expected index is used with the expected row count
if {$testid==50299} {breakpoint; set sqlite_where_trace 1}
  do_test analyze5-1.${testid}a {
    set x [lindex [eqp "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE $where"] 3]
    set idx {}
    regexp {INDEX (t1.) } $x all idx
    regexp {~([0-9]+) rows} $x all nrow
    list $idx $nrow
  } [list $index $rows]
  # No longer valid due to an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN format change
  # do_test analyze5-1.${testid}a {
  #   set x [lindex [eqp "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE $where"] 3]
  #   set idx {}
  #   regexp {INDEX (t1.) } $x all idx
  #   regexp {~([0-9]+) rows} $x all nrow
  #   list $idx $nrow
  # } [list $index $rows]
if {$testid==50299} exit

  # Verify that the same result is achieved regardless of whether or not
  # the index is used
  do_test analyze5-1.${testid}b {
    set w2 [string map {y +y z +z} $where]
    set a1 [db eval "SELECT rowid FROM t1 NOT INDEXED WHERE $w2\
                     ORDER BY +rowid"]

# The lowest cost plan is to scan CAT and for each integer there, do a single
# lookup of the first corresponding entry in EV then read off the equal values
# in EV.  (Prior to the 2011-03-04 enhancement to where.c, this query would
# have used EV for the outer loop instead of CAT - which was about 3x slower.)
#
do_test analyze6-1.1 {
  eqp {SELECT count(*) FROM ev, cat WHERE x=y}
} {0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE cat USING COVERING INDEX catx (~16 rows)} 0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE ev USING COVERING INDEX evy (y=?) (~32 rows)}}
} {0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE cat USING COVERING INDEX catx} 0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE ev USING COVERING INDEX evy (y=?)}}

# The same plan is chosen regardless of the order of the tables in the
# FROM clause.
#
do_test analyze6-1.2 {
  eqp {SELECT count(*) FROM cat, ev WHERE x=y}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE cat USING COVERING INDEX catx (~16 rows)} 0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE ev USING COVERING INDEX evy (y=?) (~32 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE cat USING COVERING INDEX catx} 0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE ev USING COVERING INDEX evy (y=?)}}


# Ticket [83ea97620bd3101645138b7b0e71c12c5498fe3d] 2011-03-30
# If ANALYZE is run on an empty table, make sure indices are used
# on the table.
#
do_test analyze6-2.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t201(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y UNIQUE, z);
    CREATE INDEX t201z ON t201(z);
    ANALYZE;
  }
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE z=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX t201z (z=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX t201z (z=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.2 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE y=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t201_1 (y=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t201_1 (y=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.3 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE x=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.4 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t201 VALUES(1,2,3);
    ANALYZE t201;
  }
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE z=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX t201z (z=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX t201z (z=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.5 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE y=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t201_1 (y=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t201_1 (y=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.6 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE x=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.7 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t201 VALUES(4,5,7);
    INSERT INTO t201 SELECT x+100, y+100, z+100 FROM t201;
    INSERT INTO t201 SELECT x+200, y+200, z+200 FROM t201;
    INSERT INTO t201 SELECT x+400, y+400, z+400 FROM t201;
    ANALYZE t201;
  }
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE z=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX t201z (z=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX t201z (z=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.8 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE y=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t201_1 (y=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t201_1 (y=?)}}
do_test analyze6-2.9 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t201 WHERE x=5}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t201 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}}

finish_test

    CREATE INDEX t1b ON t1(b);
    CREATE INDEX t1cd ON t1(c,d);
    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE nums USING wholenumber;
    INSERT INTO t1 SELECT value, value, value/100, value FROM nums
                    WHERE value BETWEEN 1 AND 256;
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=123;
  }
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test analyze7-1.1 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b=123;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?)}}
do_test analyze7-1.2 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c=2;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?)}}

# Run an analyze on one of the three indices.  Verify that this
# effects the row-count estimate on the one query that uses that
# one index.
#
do_test analyze7-2.0 {
  execsql {ANALYZE t1a;}
  db cache flush
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=123;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test analyze7-2.1 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b=123;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?)}}
do_test analyze7-2.2 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c=2;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?)}}

# Verify that since the query planner now things that t1a is more
# selective than t1b, it prefers to use t1a.
#
do_test analyze7-2.3 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=123 AND b=123}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}

# Run an analysis on another of the three indices.  Verify  that this
# new analysis works and does not disrupt the previous analysis.
#
do_test analyze7-3.0 {
  execsql {ANALYZE t1cd;}
  db cache flush;
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=123;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test analyze7-3.1 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b=123;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?)}}
do_test analyze7-3.2.1 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c=?;}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?) (~86 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?)}}
ifcapable stat3 {
  # If ENABLE_STAT3 is defined, SQLite comes up with a different estimated
  # row count for (c=2) than it does for (c=?).
  do_test analyze7-3.2.2 {
    execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c=2;}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?) (~57 rows)}}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?)}}
} else {
  # If ENABLE_STAT3 is not defined, the expected row count for (c=2) is the
  # same as that for (c=?).
  do_test analyze7-3.2.3 {
    execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c=2;}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?) (~86 rows)}}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=?)}}
}
do_test analyze7-3.3 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=123 AND b=123}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
ifcapable {!stat3} {
  do_test analyze7-3.4 {
    execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c=123 AND b=123}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?) (~2 rows)}}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?)}}
  do_test analyze7-3.5 {
    execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=123 AND c=123}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
}
do_test analyze7-3.6 {
  execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c=123 AND d=123 AND b=123}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=? AND d=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1cd (c=? AND d=?)}}

finish_test

# with a==100.  And so for those cases, choose the t1b index.
#
# Buf ro a==99 and a==101, there are far fewer rows so choose
# the t1a index.
#
do_test 1.1 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=100 AND b=55}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?)}}
do_test 1.2 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=99 AND b=55}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test 1.3 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=101 AND b=55}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test 1.4 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=100 AND b=56}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?)}}
do_test 1.5 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=99 AND b=56}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test 1.6 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=101 AND b=56}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test 2.1 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=100 AND b BETWEEN 50 AND 54}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b>? AND b<?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b>? AND b<?)}}

# There are many more values of c between 0 and 100000 than there are
# between 800000 and 900000.  So t1c is more selective for the latter
# range.
#
do_test 3.1 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b BETWEEN 50 AND 54 AND c BETWEEN 0 AND 100000}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b>? AND b<?) (~6 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b>? AND b<?)}}
do_test 3.2 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1
       WHERE b BETWEEN 50 AND 54 AND c BETWEEN 800000 AND 900000}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1c (c>? AND c<?) (~4 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1c (c>? AND c<?)}}
do_test 3.3 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=100 AND c BETWEEN 0 AND 100000}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?) (~63 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1a (a=?)}}
do_test 3.4 {
  eqp {SELECT * FROM t1
       WHERE a=100 AND c BETWEEN 800000 AND 900000}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1c (c>? AND c<?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1c (c>? AND c<?)}}

finish_test

sqlite3async_control halt idle
sqlite3async_start
sqlite3async_wait
sqlite3async_control halt never
sqlite3async_shutdown
set sqlite3async_trace 0
finish_test

do_execsql_test autoindex1-500 {
  CREATE TABLE t501(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);
  CREATE TABLE t502(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT b FROM t501
   WHERE t501.a IN (SELECT x FROM t502 WHERE y=?);
} {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t501 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~25 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t501 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE LIST SUBQUERY 1} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t502 (~100000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t502}
}
do_execsql_test autoindex1-501 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT b FROM t501
   WHERE t501.a IN (SELECT x FROM t502 WHERE y=t501.b);
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t501 (~500000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t501} 
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE CORRELATED LIST SUBQUERY 1} 
  1 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t502 USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX (y=?) (~7 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t502 USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX (y=?)}
}
do_execsql_test autoindex1-502 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT b FROM t501
   WHERE t501.a=123
     AND t501.a IN (SELECT x FROM t502 WHERE y=t501.b);
} {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t501 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t501 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE CORRELATED LIST SUBQUERY 1} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t502 (~100000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t502}
}


# The following code checks a performance regression reported on the
# mailing list on 2010-10-19.  The problem is that the nRowEst field
# of ephermeral tables was not being initialized correctly and so no
# automatic index was being created for the emphemeral table when it was

           WHERE prev.flock_no = later.flock_no
           AND later.owner_change_date > prev.owner_change_date
           AND later.owner_change_date <= s.date_of_registration||' 00:00:00')
       ) y ON x.sheep_no = y.sheep_no
   WHERE y.sheep_no IS NULL
   ORDER BY x.registering_flock;
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE sheep AS s (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE flock_owner AS prev USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_flock_owner_1 (flock_no=? AND owner_change_date<?) (~2 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE sheep AS s} 
  1 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE flock_owner AS prev USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_flock_owner_1 (flock_no=? AND owner_change_date<?)} 
  1 0 0 {EXECUTE CORRELATED SCALAR SUBQUERY 2} 
  2 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE flock_owner AS later USING COVERING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_flock_owner_1 (flock_no=? AND owner_change_date>? AND owner_change_date<?) (~1 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE sheep AS x USING INDEX sheep_reg_flock_index (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH SUBQUERY 1 AS y USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX (sheep_no=?) (~8 rows)}
  2 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE flock_owner AS later USING COVERING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_flock_owner_1 (flock_no=? AND owner_change_date>? AND owner_change_date<?)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE sheep AS x USING INDEX sheep_reg_flock_index} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH SUBQUERY 1 AS y USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX (sheep_no=?)}
}


do_execsql_test autoindex1-700 {
  CREATE TABLE t5(a, b, c);
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a FROM t5 WHERE b=10 ORDER BY c;
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t5 (~100000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t5} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}

# The following checks a performance issue reported on the sqlite-dev
# mailing list on 2013-01-10
#
do_execsql_test autoindex1-800 {

  db1 close
  file size test.db
} {1024}

do_test 3.4 { file size test.db2 } 0

finish_test

  set ::sqlite_sort_count 0
  set data [execsql $sql]
  if {$::sqlite_sort_count} {set x sort} {set x nosort}
  lappend data $x
  set eqp [execsql "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN $sql"]
  # puts eqp=$eqp
  foreach {a b c x} $eqp {
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\W} \
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\y} \
        $x all as tab idx]} {
      lappend data $tab $idx
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\W} $x all as tab]} {
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\y} $x all as tab]} {
      lappend data $tab *
    }
  }
  return $data   
}

do_test between-1.1.1 {

} -test {
  sqlite3_finalize $::STMT
  faultsim_test_result {0 {}} 
  faultsim_integrity_check
}

finish_test

# capi3e-1.*: Test sqlite3_open with various UTF8 filenames
# capi3e-2.*: Test sqlite3_open16 with various UTF8 filenames
# capi3e-3.*: Test ATTACH with various UTF8 filenames

db close

# here's the list of file names we're testing
set names {t 1 t. 1. t.d 1.d t-1 1-1 t.db ä.db ë.db ö.db ü.db ÿ.db}
set names {t 1 t. 1. t.d 1.d t-1 1-1 t.db ä.db ë.db ö.db ü.db ÿ.db}

set i 0
foreach name $names {
  incr i
  do_test capi3e-1.1.$i {
    set db2 [sqlite3_open $name {}]
    sqlite3_errcode $db2

} {1 {(21) library routine called out of sequence}}

do_test 1.4.4 {
  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
} {SQLITE_OK}

finish_test

      set res ""
    }
    set res
  } {}
}

finish_test

#
do_execsql_test 4.10.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b PRIMARY KEY);
  CREATE TABLE t2(a, b, c, UNIQUE(b, c));
}
do_createtable_tests 4.10 {
  1    "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b = 5" 
       {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t1_1 (b=?) (~1 rows)}}
       {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t1_1 (b=?)}}

  2    "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY b, c"
       {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t2_1 (~1000000 rows)}}
       {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t2_1}}

  3    "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE b=10 AND c>10"
       {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t2_1 (b=? AND c>?) (~2 rows)}}
       {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t2_1 (b=? AND c>?)}}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-45493-35653 A CHECK constraint may be attached to a
# column definition or specified as a table constraint. In practice it
# makes no difference.
#
#   All the tests that deal with CHECK constraints below (4.11.* and 

  }
} {}
do_execsql_test e_fkey-25.2 {
  PRAGMA foreign_keys = OFF;
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM artist WHERE 1;
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT rowid FROM track WHERE trackartist = ?;
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE track (~100000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE track}
}
do_execsql_test e_fkey-25.3 {
  PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM artist WHERE 1;
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE track (~100000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE track}
}
do_test e_fkey-25.4 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO artist VALUES(5, 'artist 5');
    INSERT INTO artist VALUES(6, 'artist 6');
    INSERT INTO artist VALUES(7, 'artist 7');
    INSERT INTO track VALUES(1, 'track 1', 5);

} {}
do_test e_fkey-27.2 {
  eqp { INSERT INTO artist VALUES(?, ?) }
} {}
do_execsql_test e_fkey-27.3 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN UPDATE artist SET artistid = ?, artistname = ?
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE track USING COVERING INDEX trackindex (trackartist=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE track USING COVERING INDEX trackindex (trackartist=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE track USING COVERING INDEX trackindex (trackartist=?)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE track USING COVERING INDEX trackindex (trackartist=?)}
}
do_execsql_test e_fkey-27.4 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM artist
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE track USING COVERING INDEX trackindex (trackartist=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE artist} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE track USING COVERING INDEX trackindex (trackartist=?)}
}


###########################################################################
### SECTION 4.1: Composite Foreign Key Constraints
###########################################################################

  CREATE TABLE t2(a, b);
  CREATE TABLE t3(a, b);
}

do_eqp_test 1.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t2, t1 WHERE t1.a=1 OR t1.b=2;
} {
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)} 
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
}
do_eqp_test 1.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t2 CROSS JOIN t1 WHERE t1.a=1 OR t1.b=2;
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?)} 
}
do_eqp_test 1.3 {
  SELECT a FROM t1 ORDER BY a
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1}
}
do_eqp_test 1.4 {
  SELECT a FROM t1 ORDER BY +a
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
do_eqp_test 1.5 {
  SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE a=4
} {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?)}
}
do_eqp_test 1.6 {
  SELECT DISTINCT count(*) FROM t3 GROUP BY a;
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR DISTINCT}
}

do_eqp_test 1.7 {
  SELECT * FROM t3 JOIN (SELECT 1)
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 (~1 rows)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
}
do_eqp_test 1.8 {
  SELECT * FROM t3 JOIN (SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2)
} {
  1 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 2 AND 3 USING TEMP B-TREE (UNION)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 (~2 rows)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
}
do_eqp_test 1.9 {
  SELECT * FROM t3 JOIN (SELECT 1 EXCEPT SELECT a FROM t3 LIMIT 17)
} {
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
  1 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 2 AND 3 USING TEMP B-TREE (EXCEPT)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 (~17 rows)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
}
do_eqp_test 1.10 {
  SELECT * FROM t3 JOIN (SELECT 1 INTERSECT SELECT a FROM t3 LIMIT 17)
} {
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
  1 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 2 AND 3 USING TEMP B-TREE (INTERSECT)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 (~1 rows)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
}

do_eqp_test 1.11 {
  SELECT * FROM t3 JOIN (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT a FROM t3 LIMIT 17)
} {
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
  1 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 2 AND 3 (UNION ALL)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 (~17 rows)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t3}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test cases eqp-2.* - tests for single select statements.
#
drop_all_tables
do_execsql_test 2.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(x, y);

  CREATE TABLE t2(x, y);
  CREATE INDEX t2i1 ON t2(x);
}

det 2.2.1 "SELECT DISTINCT min(x), max(x) FROM t1 GROUP BY x ORDER BY 1" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR DISTINCT}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
det 2.2.2 "SELECT DISTINCT min(x), max(x) FROM t2 GROUP BY x ORDER BY 1" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR DISTINCT}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
det 2.2.3 "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t1" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR DISTINCT}
}
det 2.2.4 "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t1, t2" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR DISTINCT}
}
det 2.2.5 "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t1, t2 ORDER BY t1.x" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR DISTINCT}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
det 2.2.6 "SELECT DISTINCT t2.x FROM t1, t2 ORDER BY t2.x" {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
}

det 2.3.1 "SELECT max(x) FROM t2" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1}
}
det 2.3.2 "SELECT min(x) FROM t2" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1}
}
det 2.3.3 "SELECT min(x), max(x) FROM t2" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1}
}

det 2.4.1 "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE rowid=?" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}



#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test cases eqp-3.* - tests for select statements that use sub-selects.
#
do_eqp_test 3.1.1 {
  SELECT (SELECT x FROM t1 AS sub) FROM t1;
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE SCALAR SUBQUERY 1}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 AS sub (~1000000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 AS sub}
}
do_eqp_test 3.1.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (SELECT x FROM t1 AS sub);
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE SCALAR SUBQUERY 1}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 AS sub (~1000000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 AS sub}
}
do_eqp_test 3.1.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (SELECT x FROM t1 AS sub ORDER BY y);
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE SCALAR SUBQUERY 1}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 AS sub (~1000000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 AS sub}
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
do_eqp_test 3.1.4 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (SELECT x FROM t2 ORDER BY x);
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE SCALAR SUBQUERY 1}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1}
}

det 3.2.1 {
  SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY x LIMIT 10) ORDER BY y LIMIT 5
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 (~10 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
det 3.2.2 {
  SELECT * FROM 
    (SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY x LIMIT 10) AS x1,
    (SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY x LIMIT 10) AS x2
  ORDER BY x2.y LIMIT 5
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 AS x1 (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 2 AS x2 (~10 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2i1} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 AS x1} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN SUBQUERY 2 AS x2} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}

det 3.3.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE y IN (SELECT y FROM t2)
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~100000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE LIST SUBQUERY 1} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
}
det 3.3.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE y IN (SELECT y FROM t2 WHERE t1.x!=t2.x)
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~500000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE CORRELATED LIST SUBQUERY 1} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~500000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
}
det 3.3.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE EXISTS (SELECT y FROM t2 WHERE t1.x!=t2.x)
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~500000 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE CORRELATED SCALAR SUBQUERY 1} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~500000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test cases eqp-4.* - tests for composite select statements.
#
do_eqp_test 4.1.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM t2
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (UNION ALL)} 
}
do_eqp_test 4.1.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 2
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (UNION ALL)} 
}
do_eqp_test 4.1.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 UNION SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 2
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (UNION)} 
}
do_eqp_test 4.1.4 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 INTERSECT SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 2
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (INTERSECT)} 
}
do_eqp_test 4.1.5 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 EXCEPT SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 2
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (EXCEPT)} 
}

do_eqp_test 4.2.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 1
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2i1} 
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (UNION ALL)} 
}
do_eqp_test 4.2.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 UNION SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 1
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (UNION)} 
}
do_eqp_test 4.2.4 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 INTERSECT SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 1
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (INTERSECT)} 
}
do_eqp_test 4.2.5 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 EXCEPT SELECT * FROM t2 ORDER BY 1
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  1 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (EXCEPT)} 
}

do_eqp_test 4.3.1 {
  SELECT x FROM t1 UNION SELECT x FROM t2
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1} 
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 USING TEMP B-TREE (UNION)} 
}

do_eqp_test 4.3.2 {
  SELECT x FROM t1 UNION SELECT x FROM t2 UNION SELECT x FROM t1
} {
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1} 
  1 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 2 AND 3 USING TEMP B-TREE (UNION)}
  4 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  4 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 4 USING TEMP B-TREE (UNION)}
}
do_eqp_test 4.3.3 {
  SELECT x FROM t1 UNION SELECT x FROM t2 UNION SELECT x FROM t1 ORDER BY 1
} {
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY} 
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  3 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2i1} 
  1 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 2 AND 3 (UNION)} 
  4 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  4 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  4 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY} 
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 4 (UNION)}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This next block of tests verifies that the examples on the 
# lang_explain.html page are correct.
#
drop_all_tables

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-64208-08323 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a, b
# FROM t1 WHERE a=1; 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t1 (~100000 rows)
# FROM t1 WHERE a=1; 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t1
do_execsql_test 5.1.0 { CREATE TABLE t1(a, b) }
det 5.1.1 "SELECT a, b FROM t1 WHERE a=1" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~100000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-09022-44606 sqlite> CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(a);
# sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a, b FROM t1 WHERE a=1;
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)
do_execsql_test 5.2.0 { CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(a) }
det 5.2.1 "SELECT a, b FROM t1 WHERE a=1" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-62228-34103 sqlite> CREATE INDEX i2 ON t1(a, b);
# sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a, b FROM t1 WHERE a=1;
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?) (~10 rows)
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?)
do_execsql_test 5.3.0 { CREATE INDEX i2 ON t1(a, b) }
det 5.3.1 "SELECT a, b FROM t1 WHERE a=1" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?)}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-22253-05302 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT t1.*,
# t2.* FROM t1, t2 WHERE t1.a=1 AND t1.b>2; 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1
# USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?) (~3 rows) 0|1|1|SCAN TABLE t2
# USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?) 0|1|1|SCAN TABLE t2
# (~1000000 rows)
#
do_execsql_test 5.4.0 {CREATE TABLE t2(c, d)}
det 5.4.1 "SELECT t1.*, t2.* FROM t1, t2 WHERE t1.a=1 AND t1.b>2" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?) (~2 rows)}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?)}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t2}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-21040-07025 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT t1.*,
# t2.* FROM t2, t1 WHERE t1.a=1 AND t1.b>2; 0|0|1|SEARCH TABLE t1
# USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?) (~3 rows) 0|1|0|SCAN TABLE t2
# USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?) 0|1|0|SCAN TABLE t2
# (~1000000 rows)
#
det 5.5 "SELECT t1.*, t2.* FROM t2, t1 WHERE t1.a=1 AND t1.b>2" {
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?) (~2 rows)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=? AND b>?)}
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-39007-61103 sqlite> CREATE INDEX i3 ON t1(b);
# sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=1 OR b=2;
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?) (~10 rows)
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i3 (b=?) (~10 rows)
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?)
# 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i3 (b=?)
do_execsql_test 5.5.0 {CREATE INDEX i3 ON t1(b)}
det 5.6.1 "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=1 OR b=2" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i3 (b=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i3 (b=?)}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-33025-54904 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT c, d
# FROM t2 ORDER BY c; 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows) 0|0|0|USE TEMP
# FROM t2 ORDER BY c; 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 0|0|0|USE TEMP
# B-TREE FOR ORDER BY
det 5.7 "SELECT c, d FROM t2 ORDER BY c" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-38854-22809 sqlite> CREATE INDEX i4 ON t2(c);
# sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT c, d FROM t2 ORDER BY c;
# 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX i4 (~1000000 rows)
# 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX i4
do_execsql_test 5.8.0 {CREATE INDEX i4 ON t2(c)}
det 5.8.1 "SELECT c, d FROM t2 ORDER BY c" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX i4 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING INDEX i4}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-29884-43993 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT
# (SELECT b FROM t1 WHERE a=0), (SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b=t2.c) FROM t2;
# 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows) 0|0|0|EXECUTE SCALAR SUBQUERY 1
# 1|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?) (~10 rows)
# 0|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 0|0|0|EXECUTE SCALAR SUBQUERY 1
# 1|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?)
# 0|0|0|EXECUTE CORRELATED SCALAR SUBQUERY 2 2|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t1 USING
# INDEX i3 (b=?) (~10 rows)
# INDEX i3 (b=?)
det 5.9 {
  SELECT (SELECT b FROM t1 WHERE a=0), (SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b=t2.c) FROM t2
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i4 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i4}
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE SCALAR SUBQUERY 1}
  1 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?) (~10 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (a=?)}
  0 0 0 {EXECUTE CORRELATED SCALAR SUBQUERY 2}
  2 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i3 (b=?) (~10 rows)}
  2 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i3 (b=?)}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-17911-16445 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT
# count(*) FROM (SELECT max(b) AS x FROM t1 GROUP BY a) GROUP BY x;
# 1|0|0|SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (~1000000 rows) 0|0|0|SCAN
# SUBQUERY 1 (~1000000 rows) 0|0|0|USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY
# 1|0|0|SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 0|0|0|SCAN
# SUBQUERY 1 0|0|0|USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY
det 5.10 {
  SELECT count(*) FROM (SELECT max(b) AS x FROM t1 GROUP BY a) GROUP BY x
} {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1 (~100 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2}
  0 0 0 {SCAN SUBQUERY 1}
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-18544-33103 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM
# (SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE c=1), t1; 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i4
# (c=?) (~10 rows) 0|1|1|SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)
# (c=?) 0|1|1|SCAN TABLE t1
det 5.11 "SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE c=1), t1" {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i4 (c=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i4 (c=?)}
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-40701-42164 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a FROM
# t1 UNION SELECT c FROM t2; 1|0|0|SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)
# 2|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows) 0|0|0|COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2
# t1 UNION SELECT c FROM t2; 1|0|0|SCAN TABLE t1
# 2|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 0|0|0|COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2
# USING TEMP B-TREE (UNION)
det 5.12 "SELECT a FROM t1 UNION SELECT c FROM t2" {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1000000 rows)}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i4 (~1000000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i4}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 USING TEMP B-TREE (UNION)}
}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-61538-24748 sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a FROM
# t1 EXCEPT SELECT d FROM t2 ORDER BY 1; 1|0|0|SCAN TABLE t1 USING
# COVERING INDEX i2 (~1000000 rows) 2|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)
# COVERING INDEX i2 2|0|0|SCAN TABLE t2
# 2|0|0|USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY 0|0|0|COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2
# (EXCEPT)
det 5.13 "SELECT a FROM t1 EXCEPT SELECT d FROM t2 ORDER BY 1" {
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (~1000000 rows)}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)}
  1 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2}
  2 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}
  2 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
  0 0 0 {COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (EXCEPT)}
}


#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests - eqp-6.* - test that the example C code on 

    set data
  }] [list $res]
}

do_peqp_test 6.1 {
  SELECT a FROM t1 EXCEPT SELECT d FROM t2 ORDER BY 1
} [string trimleft {
1 0 0 SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2 (~1000000 rows)
2 0 0 SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)
1 0 0 SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i2
2 0 0 SCAN TABLE t2
2 0 0 USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY
0 0 0 COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 1 AND 2 (EXCEPT)
}]

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests - eqp-7.* - test that queries that use the OP_Count
# optimization return something sensible with EQP.
#
drop_all_tables

do_execsql_test 7.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
  CREATE TABLE t2(a, b);
  CREATE INDEX i1 ON t2(a);
}

det 7.1 "SELECT count(*) FROM t1" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
}

det 7.2 "SELECT count(*) FROM t2" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i1(~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i1}
}

do_execsql_test 7.3 {
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 4);

  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 2);
  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(3, 4);
  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(5, 6);
 
  ANALYZE;
}

db close
sqlite3 db test.db

det 7.4 "SELECT count(*) FROM t1" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~2 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
}

det 7.5 "SELECT count(*) FROM t2" {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i1(~3 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX i1}
}


finish_test

do_execsql_test exclusive-6.5 {
  PRAGMA locking_mode = EXCLUSIVE;
  SELECT * FROM sqlite_master;
} {exclusive}

finish_test

    execsql { PRAGMA wal_checkpoint }
    file size test.db
  } [expr 32*1024]
}


finish_test

do_test filefmt-4.4 { 
  sqlite3 db2 bak.db
  db2 eval { PRAGMA integrity_check }
} {ok}
db2 close

finish_test

} {}
do_catchsql_test fts3aa-7.5 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts4(tokenize=simple, tokenize=simple);
} {1 {unrecognized parameter: tokenize=simple}}


finish_test

do_execsql_test 5.2 {
  ALTER TABLE t7 RENAME TO t8;
  SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE name LIKE 't7%';
  SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE name LIKE 't8%';
} {0 6}

finish_test

do_test fts3token-internal {
  execsql { SELECT fts3_tokenizer_internal_test() }
} {ok}


finish_test

  do_fts3query_test 7.$tn.1             t1 {"M B"}
  do_fts3query_test 7.$tn.2             t1 {"B D"}
  do_fts3query_test 7.$tn.3 -deferred B t1 {"M B D"}
}

set sqlite_fts3_enable_parentheses $sfep
finish_test

db func rec rec

# Use EQP to show that the WHERE expression "term='braid'" uses a different
# index number (1) than "+term='braid'" (0).
#
do_execsql_test 2.1.1.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE term='braid'
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1: (~25 rows)} }
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1:} }
do_execsql_test 2.1.1.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE +term='braid'
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0: (~25 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:}}

# Now show that using "term='braid'" means the virtual table returns
# only 1 row to SQLite, but "+term='braid'" means all 19 are returned.
#
do_test 2.1.2.1 {
  set cnt 0
  execsql { SELECT * FROM terms_v WHERE rec('cnt', term) AND term='braid' }

# Special case: term=NULL
#
do_execsql_test 2.1.5 { SELECT * FROM terms WHERE term=NULL } {}

do_execsql_test 2.2.1.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE term>'brain'
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2: (~25 rows)} }
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:} }
do_execsql_test 2.2.1.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE +term>'brain'
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0: (~25 rows)} }
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:} }

do_execsql_test 2.2.1.3 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE term<'brain'
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 4: (~25 rows)} }
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 4:} }
do_execsql_test 2.2.1.4 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE +term<'brain'
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0: (~25 rows)} }
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:} }

do_execsql_test 2.2.1.5 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE term BETWEEN 'brags' AND 'brain'
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 6: (~25 rows)} }
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 6:} }
do_execsql_test 2.2.1.6 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM terms WHERE +term BETWEEN 'brags' AND 'brain'
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0: (~25 rows)} }
} { 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:} }

do_test 2.2.2.1 {
  set cnt 0
  execsql { SELECT * FROM terms WHERE rec('cnt', term) AND term>'brain' }
  set cnt
} {18}
do_test 2.2.2.2 {

  5    1    "ORDER BY documents"
  6    1    "ORDER BY documents DESC"
  7    1    "ORDER BY occurrences ASC"
  8    1    "ORDER BY occurrences"
  9    1    "ORDER BY occurrences DESC"
} {

  set res [list 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0: (~25 rows)}]
  set res [list 0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:}]
  if {$sort} { lappend res 0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY} }

  set sql "SELECT * FROM terms $orderby"
  do_execsql_test 2.3.1.$tn "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN $sql" $res
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------

proc do_plansql_test {tn sql r} {
  uplevel do_execsql_test $tn [list "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN $sql ; $sql"] [list $r]
}

do_plansql_test 4.2 {
  SELECT y FROM x2, terms WHERE y = term AND col = '*'
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE x2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1: (~25 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE x2} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1:} 
  a b c d e f g h i j k l
}

do_plansql_test 4.3 {
  SELECT y FROM terms, x2 WHERE y = term AND col = '*'
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE x2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1: (~25 rows)} 
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE x2} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1:} 
  a b c d e f g h i j k l
}

do_plansql_test 4.4 {
  SELECT y FROM x3, terms WHERE y = term AND col = '*'
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0: (~25 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE x3 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (y=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE x3 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (y=?)}
  a b c d e f g h i j k l
}

do_plansql_test 4.5 {
  SELECT y FROM terms, x3 WHERE y = term AND occurrences>1 AND col = '*'
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0: (~25 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE x3 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (y=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE terms VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE x3 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (y=?)}
  a k l
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests check that fts4aux can handle an fts table with an
# odd name (one that requires quoting for use in SQL statements). And that
# the argument to the fts4aux constructor is properly dequoted before use.

  UPDATE t1_stat SET value = NULL;
  SELECT matchinfo(t1, 'nxa') FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 't*';
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
do_test 5.3.1 { sqlite3_extended_errcode db } SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB


finish_test

  do_execsql_test 2.4.$tn {
    SELECT docid, mit(matchinfo(t3, 'pcxnal')) FROM t3 WHERE t3 MATCH '"a b c"';
  } {1 {1 1 1 4 4 11 912 6} 3 {1 1 1 4 4 11 912 6}}
}


finish_test

  test_fts3expr2 $::query
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result [list 0 $::result]
}

set sqlite_fts3_enable_parentheses 0
finish_test

do_write_test fts3_malloc-5.3 ft_content {
  INSERT INTO ft8 VALUES('short alongertoken reallyquitealotlongerimeanit andthistokenisjustsolongthatonemightbeforgivenforimaginingthatitwasmerelyacontrivedexampleandnotarealtoken')
}


finish_test

  INSERT INTO t12 VALUES('a d d a');
  SELECT mit(matchinfo(t12, 'x')) FROM t12 WHERE t12 MATCH 'a NEAR/1 d OR a';
} {
  {0 3 2 0 3 2 1 4 3} {1 3 2 1 3 2 1 4 3} {2 3 2 2 3 2 2 4 3}
}

finish_test

  {T TX T TX T TX T TX T TX}
  {T TX T TX T TX T TX T TX}
  {T TX T TX T TX T TX T TX}
  {T TX T TX T TX T TX T TX}
}

finish_test

    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts3(title);
    CREATE TABLE bt(title);
  }
} {}
do_eqp_test fts3query-4.2 {
  SELECT t1.number FROM t1, ft WHERE t1.number=ft.rowid ORDER BY t1.date
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE ft VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1: (~25 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE ft VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1:}
}
do_eqp_test fts3query-4.3 {
  SELECT t1.number FROM ft, t1 WHERE t1.number=ft.rowid ORDER BY t1.date
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE ft VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1: (~25 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE ft VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 1:}
}
do_eqp_test fts3query-4.4 {
  SELECT t1.number FROM t1, bt WHERE t1.number=bt.rowid ORDER BY t1.date
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE bt USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE bt USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}
do_eqp_test fts3query-4.5 {
  SELECT t1.number FROM bt, t1 WHERE t1.number=bt.rowid ORDER BY t1.date
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE bt USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE bt USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}


# Test that calling matchinfo() with the wrong number of arguments, or with
# an invalid argument returns an error.
#
do_execsql_test 5.1 {

  execsql ROLLBACK dbW 
}

dbW close
dbR close
sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $::enable_shared_cache
finish_test

  INSERT INTO t4(docid, x) VALUES(1, 'ab');
  SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE x MATCH 'a*';
} {-113382409004785664 1}



finish_test

do_catchsql_test 2.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts3tokenize;
  SELECT * FROM t4;
} {1 {SQL logic error or missing database}}


finish_test

  execsql { SELECT token FROM t1 WHERE input = 'A galaxy far, far away' } 
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {a galaxy far far away}} 
}


finish_test

do_execsql_test 10.7 {
  SELECT snippet(ft, '[', ']', '...', -1, 5) FROM ft WHERE ft MATCH 'e'
} {
  {...c d [e] f g...}
}

finish_test

  sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 0 0
  list [catch {db incrblob blobs v 1} msg] $msg
} {1 {database schema has changed}}
db close
tvfs delete

finish_test

  set new [string repeat % 900]
  execsql { UPDATE t1 SET v = $new WHERE k = 20 }
  execsql { DELETE FROM t1 WHERE k=19 }
  execsql { INSERT INTO t1(v) VALUES($new) }
} {}

finish_test

  gets $::blob
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {hello world}}
  catch { close $::blob }
}

finish_test

  }

  do_execsql_test $T.1.x.1 { PRAGMA freelist_count   } 0
  do_execsql_test $T.1.x.2 { SELECT count(*) FROM t1 } 128
}

finish_test

  uplevel "execsql {EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN $sql}"
}

# These tests are to check that "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN" is working as expected.
#
do_execsql_test indexedby-1.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN select * from t1 WHERE a = 10; 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-1.3 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN select * from t1 ; 
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-1.4 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN select * from t1, t2 WHERE c = 10; 
} {
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i3 (c=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i3 (c=?)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}
}

# Parser tests. Test that an INDEXED BY or NOT INDEX clause can be 
# attached to a table in the FROM clause, but not to a sub-select or
# SQL view. Also test that specifying an index that does not exist or
# is attached to a different table is detected as an error.
# 

  catchsql { SELECT * FROM v1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE a = 'one' }
} {1 {no such index: i1}}

# Tests for single table cases.
#
do_execsql_test indexedby-3.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 NOT INDEXED WHERE a = 'one' AND b = 'two'
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~10000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-3.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN 
  SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE a = 'one' AND b = 'two'
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-3.3 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN 
  SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i2 WHERE a = 'one' AND b = 'two'
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?)}}
do_test indexedby-3.4 {
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i2 WHERE a = 'one' }
} {1 {cannot use index: i2}}
do_test indexedby-3.5 {
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i2 ORDER BY a }
} {1 {cannot use index: i2}}
do_test indexedby-3.6 {
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE a = 'one' }
} {0 {}}
do_test indexedby-3.7 {
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1 ORDER BY a }
} {0 {}}

do_execsql_test indexedby-3.8 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN 
  SELECT * FROM t3 INDEXED BY sqlite_autoindex_t3_1 ORDER BY e 
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t3_1 (~1000000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t3 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t3_1}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-3.9 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN 
  SELECT * FROM t3 INDEXED BY sqlite_autoindex_t3_1 WHERE e = 10 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t3 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t3_1 (e=?) (~1 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t3 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_t3_1 (e=?)}}
do_test indexedby-3.10 {
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM t3 INDEXED BY sqlite_autoindex_t3_1 WHERE f = 10 }
} {1 {cannot use index: sqlite_autoindex_t3_1}}
do_test indexedby-3.11 {
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM t3 INDEXED BY sqlite_autoindex_t3_2 WHERE f = 10 }
} {1 {no such index: sqlite_autoindex_t3_2}}

# Tests for multiple table cases.
#
do_execsql_test indexedby-4.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1, t2 WHERE a = c 
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i3 (c=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX i3 (c=?)}
}
do_execsql_test indexedby-4.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1, t2 WHERE a = c 
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t2} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}
}
do_test indexedby-4.3 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1, t2 INDEXED BY i3 WHERE a=c
  }
} {1 {cannot use index: i1}}
do_test indexedby-4.4 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT * FROM t2 INDEXED BY i3, t1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE a=c
  }
} {1 {cannot use index: i3}}

# Test embedding an INDEXED BY in a CREATE VIEW statement. This block
# also tests that nothing bad happens if an index refered to by
# a CREATE VIEW statement is dropped and recreated.
#
do_execsql_test indexedby-5.1 {
  CREATE VIEW v2 AS SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE a > 5;
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM v2 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a>?) (~250000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a>?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-5.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM v2 WHERE b = 10 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a>?) (~25000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a>?)}}
do_test indexedby-5.3 {
  execsql { DROP INDEX i1 }
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM v2 }
} {1 {no such index: i1}}
do_test indexedby-5.4 {
  # Recreate index i1 in such a way as it cannot be used by the view query.
  execsql { CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(b) }
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM v2 }
} {1 {cannot use index: i1}}
do_test indexedby-5.5 {
  # Drop and recreate index i1 again. This time, create it so that it can
  # be used by the query.
  execsql { DROP INDEX i1 ; CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(a) }
  catchsql { SELECT * FROM v2 }
} {0 {}}

# Test that "NOT INDEXED" may use the rowid index, but not others.
# 
do_execsql_test indexedby-6.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b = 10 ORDER BY rowid 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-6.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t1 NOT INDEXED WHERE b = 10 ORDER BY rowid 
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (~100000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY}}

# Test that "INDEXED BY" can be used in a DELETE statement.
# 
do_execsql_test indexedby-7.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 5 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-7.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM t1 NOT INDEXED WHERE a = 5 
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~100000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-7.3 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE a = 5 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-7.4 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE a = 5 AND b = 10
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-7.5 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN DELETE FROM t1 INDEXED BY i2 WHERE a = 5 AND b = 10
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?)}}
do_test indexedby-7.6 {
  catchsql { DELETE FROM t1 INDEXED BY i2 WHERE a = 5}
} {1 {cannot use index: i2}}

# Test that "INDEXED BY" can be used in an UPDATE statement.
# 
do_execsql_test indexedby-8.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN UPDATE t1 SET rowid=rowid+1 WHERE a = 5 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-8.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN UPDATE t1 NOT INDEXED SET rowid=rowid+1 WHERE a = 5 
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~100000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-8.3 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN UPDATE t1 INDEXED BY i1 SET rowid=rowid+1 WHERE a = 5 
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-8.4 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN 
  UPDATE t1 INDEXED BY i1 SET rowid=rowid+1 WHERE a = 5 AND b = 10
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
do_execsql_test indexedby-8.5 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN 
  UPDATE t1 INDEXED BY i2 SET rowid=rowid+1 WHERE a = 5 AND b = 10
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?) (~2 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i2 (b=?)}}
do_test indexedby-8.6 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t1 INDEXED BY i2 SET rowid=rowid+1 WHERE a = 5}
} {1 {cannot use index: i2}}

# Test that bug #3560 is fixed.
#
do_test indexedby-9.1 {

  hexio_write test.db [expr 1024 * 5] [string repeat 00 2048]
  do_execsql_test 6.2.$tn.3 { PRAGMA integrity_check } {ok}
  db close
}

sqlite3_simulate_device -char {} -sectorsize 0
finish_test

  db eval { CREATE TABLE t3(x) }
  if {[db one { PRAGMA integrity_check }] != "ok"} {
    error "integrity check failed"
  }
}

finish_test

  set ::sqlite_sort_count 0
  set data [execsql $sql]
  if {$::sqlite_sort_count} {set x sort} {set x nosort}
  lappend data $x
  set eqp [execsql "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN $sql"]
  # puts eqp=$eqp
  foreach {a b c x} $eqp {
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING COVERING INDEX (\w+)\W} \
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING COVERING INDEX (\w+)\y} \
        $x all as tab idx]} {
      lappend data {} $idx
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\W} \
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\y} \
        $x all as tab idx]} {
      lappend data $tab $idx
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\W} $x all as tab]} {
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\y} $x all as tab]} {
      lappend data $tab *
    }
  }
  return $data   
}

# Perform tests on the like optimization.

  execsql { COMMIT } db1
} {}

db1 close
db2 close

finish_test

sqlite3 db test.db

ifcapable explain {
  do_execsql_test misc7-14.1 {
    CREATE TABLE abc(a PRIMARY KEY, b, c);
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM abc AS t2 WHERE rowid = 1;
  } {
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE abc AS t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE abc AS t2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
  }
  do_execsql_test misc7-14.2 {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM abc AS t2 WHERE a = 1;
  } {0 0 0 
     {SEARCH TABLE abc AS t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_abc_1 (a=?) (~1 rows)}
     {SEARCH TABLE abc AS t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_abc_1 (a=?)}
  }
  do_execsql_test misc7-14.3 {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM abc AS t2 ORDER BY a;
  } {0 0 0 
     {SCAN TABLE abc AS t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_abc_1 (~1000000 rows)}
     {SCAN TABLE abc AS t2 USING INDEX sqlite_autoindex_abc_1}
  }
}

db close
forcedelete test.db
forcedelete test.db-journal
sqlite3 db test.db

}
catch { db1 close }
catch { db2 close }


sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $esc
finish_test

do_test 43.3 {
  db eval { SELECT * FROM t3 }
  sqlite3_db_status db CACHE_MISS 0
} {0 1 0}

finish_test

  catch { db2 close }
}

sqlite3_shutdown
sqlite3_config_uri 0

finish_test

  execsql { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (a_string(2000000), a_string(2500000)) }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {}}
}

sqlite3_memdebug_vfs_oom_test 1
finish_test

  }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {}} 
  faultsim_integrity_check
}

finish_test

  for {set i 2} {$i <= 850} {incr i 5} {
    incr n [detect_blob {} $i]
  }
  set n
} {0}

finish_test

  catchsql { SELECT * FROM v1 } db4
} {1 {no such table: v1}}


foreach db {db1 db2 db3 db4} { catch { $db close } }
sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $::enable_shared_cache
finish_test

} {1 one 2 two 3 three}

db close
db2 close

sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $::enable_shared_cache
finish_test

do_execsql_test 2.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t2(x, y NOT NULL);
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX t2x ON t2(x);
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX t2y ON t2(y);
}

do_eqp_test 2.1 { SELECT DISTINCT x FROM t2 } {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2x (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2x}
}

do_eqp_test 2.2 { SELECT DISTINCT y FROM t2 } {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2y (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2y}
}

do_eqp_test 2.3 { SELECT DISTINCT x, y FROM t2 WHERE y=10 } {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2y (y=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2y (y=?)}
}

do_eqp_test 2.4 { SELECT DISTINCT x, y FROM t2 WHERE x=10 } {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2x (x=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2x (x=?)}
}

finish_test

        WHERE Connected=SrcWord LIMIT 1
      )
    )
} {FACTORING FACTOR SWIMMING SWIMM} 


finish_test

    CREATE INDEX i1 ON ""("" COLLATE nocase);
  }
} {}
do_test tkt-78e04-1.4 {
  execsql {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM "" WHERE "" LIKE 'abc%';
  }
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE  USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~500000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE  USING COVERING INDEX i1}}
do_test tkt-78e04-1.5 {
  execsql {
    DROP TABLE "";
    SELECT name FROM sqlite_master;
  }
} {t2}

do_test tkt-78e04-2.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE INDEX "" ON t2(x);
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE x=5;
  }
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX  (x=?) (~10 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX  (x=?)}}
do_test tkt-78e04-2.2 {
  execsql {
    DROP INDEX "";
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE x=2;
  }
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2 (~100000 rows)}}
} {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t2}}

finish_test

do_execsql_test tkt-7a31705a7e6-1.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1 (a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
  CREATE TABLE t2 (a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b INTEGER);
  CREATE TABLE t2x (b INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
  SELECT t1.a FROM ((t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.a) AS x JOIN t2x ON x.b=t2x.b) as y;
} {}

do_execsql_test 2.3 {
  SELECT CASE WHEN DeliveredQty=10 THEN "TEST PASSED!" ELSE "TEST FAILED!" END 
  FROM InventoryControl WHERE SKU=31; 
} {{TEST PASSED!}}


finish_test

do_test 1.1 {
  execsql { INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1 }
} {4}

do_test 1.2 { execsql VACUUM } {}

finish_test

  }
} {}
do_test tkt-d11f09d36e.5 {
  execsql { PRAGMA integrity_check }
} {ok}

finish_test

      SELECT * FROM t2;
    }
  } {1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4}
}


finish_test

      SELECT * FROM t WHERE c1 = 5 AND c2>'0' AND c2<='5' ORDER BY c2 ASC 
    }
  } {5 4 5 5}
} 


finish_test

# These tests perform an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN on both versions of the 
# SELECT referenced in ticket #3442 (both '5000' and "5000") 
# and verify that the query plan is the same.
#
ifcapable explain {
  do_test tkt3442-1.2 {
    EQP { SELECT node FROM listhash WHERE id='5000' LIMIT 1; }
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE listhash USING INDEX ididx (id=?) (~1 rows)}}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE listhash USING INDEX ididx (id=?)}}
  do_test tkt3442-1.3 {
    EQP { SELECT node FROM listhash WHERE id="5000" LIMIT 1; }
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE listhash USING INDEX ididx (id=?) (~1 rows)}}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE listhash USING INDEX ididx (id=?)}}
}


# Some extra tests testing other permutations of 5000.
#
ifcapable explain {
  do_test tkt3442-1.4 {
    EQP { SELECT node FROM listhash WHERE id=5000 LIMIT 1; }
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE listhash USING INDEX ididx (id=?) (~1 rows)}}
  } {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE listhash USING INDEX ididx (id=?)}}
}
do_test tkt3442-1.5 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT node FROM listhash WHERE id=[5000] LIMIT 1;
  }
} {1 {no such column: 5000}}

# page 4 from the database free-list. Bug 3918 caused sqlite to
# incorrectly report corruption here.
do_test tkt3918.5 {
  execsql { CREATE TABLE t2(a, b) }
} {}

finish_test

  for {set i 3} {$i < 100} {incr i} {
    execsql { INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES($i) }
  }
} {}

integrity_check tkt3930-1.3
finish_test

  if {$idxmode == "unordered"} {
    execsql { UPDATE sqlite_stat1 SET stat = stat || ' unordered' }
  }
  db close
  sqlite3 db test.db
  foreach {tn sql r(ordered) r(unordered)} {
    1   "SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY a"
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (~128 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~128 rows)} 0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}}
    2   "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a >?"
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a>?) (~32 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~42 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a>?)}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}}
    3   "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a = ? ORDER BY rowid"
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~1 rows)} 
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)} 
         0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}}
    4   "SELECT max(a) FROM t1"
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1 (~1 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1}}
    5   "SELECT group_concat(b) FROM t1 GROUP BY a"
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (~128 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~128 rows)} 0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1} 0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY}}

    6   "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a = ?"
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?) (~1 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
        {0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1 (a=?)}}
    7   "SELECT count(*) FROM t1"
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1(~128 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1 (~128 rows)}}
        {0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t1}}
  } {
    do_eqp_test 1.$idxmode.$tn $sql $r($idxmode)
  }
}

finish_test

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/permutations.test

run_test_suite veryquick

finish_test

do_execsql_test 3.1 {
  PRAGMA page_size = 4096;
  SELECT name FROM sqlite_master;
} {t1}

finish_test

      db2 close
    }
    set FAIL
  } {0}
}
  
finish_test

  do_test walcrash-7.$i.3 { execsql { PRAGMA main.integrity_check } } {ok}
  do_test walcrash-7.$i.4 { execsql { PRAGMA main.journal_mode } } {wal}

  db close
}

finish_test

do_test walcrash2-1.3 {
  sqlite3 db2 test.db
  execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t1 } db2
} {0}
catch { db2 close }

finish_test

  do_test 2.$i.2 {
    sqlite3 db test.db
    execsql { PRAGMA integrity_check } 
  } {ok}
}

finish_test

  do_test 2.1.5 {
    code1 { db close }
    code1 { tv delete }
  } {}
}

finish_test

  execsql { PRAGMA integrity_check } db2
} {ok}



sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $::enable_shared_cache
finish_test

# small we can be assured that indices are being used properly.
#
do_test where-1.1.1 {
  count {SELECT x, y, w FROM t1 WHERE w=10}
} {3 121 10 3}
do_eqp_test where-1.1.2 {
  SELECT x, y, w FROM t1 WHERE w=10
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?) *}
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?)*}
do_test where-1.1.3 {
  db status step
} {0}
do_test where-1.1.4 {
  db eval {SELECT x, y, w FROM t1 WHERE +w=10}
} {3 121 10}
do_test where-1.1.5 {
  db status step
} {99}
do_eqp_test where-1.1.6 {
  SELECT x, y, w FROM t1 WHERE +w=10
} {*SCAN TABLE t1 *}
} {*SCAN TABLE t1*}
do_test where-1.1.7 {
  count {SELECT x, y, w AS abc FROM t1 WHERE abc=10}
} {3 121 10 3}
do_eqp_test where-1.1.8 {
  SELECT x, y, w AS abc FROM t1 WHERE abc=10
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?) *}
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?)*}
do_test where-1.1.9 {
  db status step
} {0}
do_test where-1.2.1 {
  count {SELECT x, y, w FROM t1 WHERE w=11}
} {3 144 11 3}
do_test where-1.2.2 {
  count {SELECT x, y, w AS abc FROM t1 WHERE abc=11}
} {3 144 11 3}
do_test where-1.3.1 {
  count {SELECT x, y, w AS abc FROM t1 WHERE 11=w}
} {3 144 11 3}
do_test where-1.3.2 {
  count {SELECT x, y, w AS abc FROM t1 WHERE 11=abc}
} {3 144 11 3}
do_test where-1.4.1 {
  count {SELECT w, x, y FROM t1 WHERE 11=w AND x>2}
} {11 3 144 3}
do_eqp_test where-1.4.2 {
  SELECT w, x, y FROM t1 WHERE 11=w AND x>2
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?) *}
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?)*}
do_test where-1.4.3 {
  count {SELECT w AS a, x AS b, y FROM t1 WHERE 11=a AND b>2}
} {11 3 144 3}
do_eqp_test where-1.4.4 {
  SELECT w AS a, x AS b, y FROM t1 WHERE 11=a AND b>2
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?) *}
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?)*}
do_test where-1.5 {
  count {SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE y<200 AND w=11 AND x>2}
} {3 144 3}
do_eqp_test where-1.5.2 {
  SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE y<200 AND w=11 AND x>2
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?) *}
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1w (w=?)*}
do_test where-1.6 {
  count {SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE y<200 AND x>2 AND w=11}
} {3 144 3}
do_test where-1.7 {
  count {SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE w=11 AND y<200 AND x>2}
} {3 144 3}
do_test where-1.8 {
  count {SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE w>10 AND y=144 AND x=3}
} {3 144 3}
do_eqp_test where-1.8.2 {
  SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE w>10 AND y=144 AND x=3
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1xy (x=? AND y=?) *}
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX i1xy (x=? AND y=?)*}
do_eqp_test where-1.8.3 {
  SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE y=144 AND x=3
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1xy (x=? AND y=?) *}
} {*SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX i1xy (x=? AND y=?)*}
do_test where-1.9 {
  count {SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE y=144 AND w>10 AND x=3}
} {3 144 3}
do_test where-1.10 {
  count {SELECT x, y FROM t1 WHERE x=3 AND w>=10 AND y=121}
} {3 121 3}
do_test where-1.11 {

  set ::sqlite_sort_count 0
  set data [execsql $sql]
  if {$::sqlite_sort_count} {set x sort} {set x nosort}
  lappend data $x
  set eqp [execsql "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN $sql"]
  # puts eqp=$eqp
  foreach {a b c x} $eqp {
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\W} \
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\y} \
        $x all as tab idx]} {
      lappend data $tab $idx
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\W} $x all as tab]} {
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\y} $x all as tab]} {
      lappend data $tab *
    }
  }
  return $data   
}

#
proc queryplan {sql} {
  set ::sqlite_sort_count 0
  set data [execsql $sql]
  set eqp [execsql "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN $sql"]
  # puts eqp=$eqp
  foreach {a b c x} $eqp {
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\W} \
    if {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+) USING.* INDEX (\w+)\y} \
        $x all as tab idx]} {
      lappend data $tab $idx
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\W} $x all as tab]} {
    } elseif {[regexp { TABLE (\w+ AS )?(\w+)\y} $x all as tab]} {
      lappend data $tab *
    }
  }
  return $data   
}

  CREATE INDEX t301c ON t301(c);
  INSERT INTO t301 VALUES(1,2,3);
  CREATE TABLE t302(x, y);
  INSERT INTO t302 VALUES(4,5);
  ANALYZE;
  explain query plan SELECT * FROM t302, t301 WHERE t302.x=5 AND t301.a=t302.y;
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t302 (~1 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t302} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}
do_execsql_test where3-3.1 {
  explain query plan
  SELECT * FROM t301, t302 WHERE t302.x=5 AND t301.a=t302.y;
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t302 (~1 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t302} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)}
}

# Verify that when there are multiple tables in a join which must be
# full table scans that the query planner attempts put the table with
# the fewest number of output rows as the outer loop.
#
do_execsql_test where3-4.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t400(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, c);
  CREATE TABLE t401(p INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, q, r);
  CREATE TABLE t402(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y, z);
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT * FROM t400, t401, t402 WHERE t402.z GLOB 'abc*';
} {
  0 0 2 {SCAN TABLE t402 (~500000 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t400 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 2 1 {SCAN TABLE t401 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 2 {SCAN TABLE t402} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t400} 
  0 2 1 {SCAN TABLE t401}
}
do_execsql_test where3-4.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT * FROM t400, t401, t402 WHERE t401.r GLOB 'abc*';
} {
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t401 (~500000 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t400 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 2 2 {SCAN TABLE t402 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 1 {SCAN TABLE t401} 
  0 1 0 {SCAN TABLE t400} 
  0 2 2 {SCAN TABLE t402}
}
do_execsql_test where3-4.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT * FROM t400, t401, t402 WHERE t400.c GLOB 'abc*';
} {
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t400 (~500000 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t401 (~1000000 rows)} 
  0 2 2 {SCAN TABLE t402 (~1000000 rows)}
  0 0 0 {SCAN TABLE t400} 
  0 1 1 {SCAN TABLE t401} 
  0 2 2 {SCAN TABLE t402}
}

# Verify that a performance regression encountered by firefox
# has been fixed.
#
do_execsql_test where3-5.0 {
  CREATE TABLE aaa (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, type INTEGER,

   SELECT bbb.title AS tag_title 
     FROM aaa JOIN bbb ON bbb.id = aaa.parent  
    WHERE aaa.fk = 'constant'
      AND LENGTH(bbb.title) > 0
      AND bbb.parent = 4
    ORDER BY bbb.title COLLATE NOCASE ASC;
} {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
do_execsql_test where3-5.1 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
   SELECT bbb.title AS tag_title 
     FROM aaa JOIN aaa AS bbb ON bbb.id = aaa.parent  
    WHERE aaa.fk = 'constant'
      AND LENGTH(bbb.title) > 0
      AND bbb.parent = 4
    ORDER BY bbb.title COLLATE NOCASE ASC;
} {
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE aaa AS bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
  0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?)} 
  0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE aaa AS bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
do_execsql_test where3-5.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
   SELECT bbb.title AS tag_title 
     FROM bbb JOIN aaa ON bbb.id = aaa.parent  
    WHERE aaa.fk = 'constant'
      AND LENGTH(bbb.title) > 0
      AND bbb.parent = 4
    ORDER BY bbb.title COLLATE NOCASE ASC;
} {
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}
do_execsql_test where3-5.3 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
   SELECT bbb.title AS tag_title 
     FROM aaa AS bbb JOIN aaa ON bbb.id = aaa.parent  
    WHERE aaa.fk = 'constant'
      AND LENGTH(bbb.title) > 0
      AND bbb.parent = 4
    ORDER BY bbb.title COLLATE NOCASE ASC;
} {
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE aaa AS bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE aaa USING INDEX aaa_333 (fk=?)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE aaa AS bbb USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}

# Name resolution with NATURAL JOIN and USING
#
do_test where3-6.setup {
  db eval {

    FROM t302 JOIN t301 ON t302.c8 = t301.c8
    WHERE t302.c2 = 19571
      AND t302.c3 > 1287603136
      AND (t301.c4 = 1407449685622784
           OR t301.c8 = 1407424651264000)
   ORDER BY t302.c5 LIMIT 200;
} {
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING COVERING INDEX t301_c4 (c4=?) (~10 rows)} 
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE t302 USING INDEX t302_c8_c3 (c8=? AND c3>?) (~2 rows)} 
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING COVERING INDEX t301_c4 (c4=?)} 
  0 0 1 {SEARCH TABLE t301 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
  0 1 0 {SEARCH TABLE t302 USING INDEX t302_c8_c3 (c8=? AND c3>?)} 
  0 0 0 {USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY}
}

finish_test

ifcapable explain {
  do_execsql_test where9-3.1 {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
    SELECT t2.a FROM t1, t2
    WHERE t1.a=80 AND ((t1.c=t2.c AND t1.d=t2.d) OR t1.f=t2.f)
  } {
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2d (d=?) (~2 rows)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2f (f=?) (~10 rows)}
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2d (d=?)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2f (f=?)}
  }
  do_execsql_test where9-3.2 {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
    SELECT coalesce(t2.a,9999)
    FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON (t1.c+1=t2.c AND t1.d=t2.d) OR (t1.f||'x')=t2.f
    WHERE t1.a=80
  } {
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~1 rows)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2d (d=?) (~2 rows)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2f (f=?) (~10 rows)}
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING INDEX t2d (d=?)} 
    0 1 1 {SEARCH TABLE t2 USING COVERING INDEX t2f (f=?)}
  }
} 

# Make sure that INDEXED BY and multi-index OR clauses play well with
# one another.
#
do_test where9-4.1 {

ifcapable explain {
  # The (c=31031 OR d IS NULL) clause is preferred over b>1000 because
  # the former is an equality test which is expected to return fewer rows.
  #
  do_execsql_test where9-5.1 {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b>1000 AND (c=31031 OR d IS NULL)
  } {
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1c (c=?) (~3 rows)} 
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1d (d=?) (~3 rows)}
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1c (c=?)} 
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1d (d=?)}
  }

  # In contrast, b=1000 is preferred over any OR-clause.
  #
  do_execsql_test where9-5.2 {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b=1000 AND (c=31031 OR d IS NULL)
  } {
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?) (~5 rows)}
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b=?)}
  }

  # Likewise, inequalities in an AND are preferred over inequalities in
  # an OR.
  #
  do_execsql_test where9-5.3 {
    EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b>1000 AND (c>=31031 OR d IS NULL)
  } {
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b>?) (~125000 rows)}
    0 0 0 {SEARCH TABLE t1 USING INDEX t1b (b>?)}
  }
}

############################################################################
# Make sure OR-clauses work correctly on UPDATE and DELETE statements.

do_test where9-6.2.1 {

  do_execsql_test 1.$tn.1 $sql $res
  do_execsql_test 1.$tn.2 "$sql ORDER BY i ASC"  [lsort -integer -inc  $res]
  do_execsql_test 1.$tn.3 "$sql ORDER BY i DESC" [lsort -integer -dec  $res]
}


finish_test

  INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+32, (x+32)*11 FROM t2;
  INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+64, (x+32)*11 FROM t2;
  ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN z;
  UPDATE t2 SET z=2;
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX t2zx ON t2(z,x);

  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT x FROM t1, t2 WHERE a=z AND c=x;
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1 .*SEARCH TABLE t2 .*/}
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1.*SEARCH TABLE t2.*/}
do_execsql_test 1.2 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT x FROM t2, t1 WHERE a=z AND c=x;
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1 .*SEARCH TABLE t2 .*/}
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1.*SEARCH TABLE t2.*/}
do_execsql_test 1.3 {
  ANALYZE;
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT x FROM t1, t2 WHERE a=z AND c=x;
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1 .*SEARCH TABLE t2 .*/}
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1.*SEARCH TABLE t2.*/}
do_execsql_test 1.4 {
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT x FROM t2, t1 WHERE a=z AND c=x;
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1 .*SEARCH TABLE t2 .*/}
} {/.*SCAN TABLE t1.*SEARCH TABLE t2.*/}

finish_test

/*
** 2013-06-10
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains a simple command-line utility for converting from
** integers and WhereCost values and back again and for doing simple
** arithmetic operations (multiple and add) on WhereCost values.
**
** Usage:
**
**      ./wherecosttest ARGS
**
** Arguments:
**
**    'x'    Multiple the top two elements of the stack
**    '+'    Add the top two elements of the stack
**    NUM    Convert NUM from integer to WhereCost and push onto the stack
**   ^NUM    Interpret NUM as a WhereCost and push onto stack.
**
** Examples:
**
** To convert 123 from WhereCost to integer:
** 
**         ./wherecosttest ^123
**
** To convert 123456 from integer to WhereCost:
**
**         ./wherecosttest 123456
**
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>

typedef unsigned short int WhereCost;  /* 10 times log2() */

WhereCost whereCostMultiply(WhereCost a, WhereCost b){ return a+b; }
WhereCost whereCostAdd(WhereCost a, WhereCost b){
  static const unsigned char x[] = {
     10, 10,                         /* 0,1 */
      9, 9,                          /* 2,3 */
      8, 8,                          /* 4,5 */
      7, 7, 7,                       /* 6,7,8 */
      6, 6, 6,                       /* 9,10,11 */
      5, 5, 5,                       /* 12-14 */
      4, 4, 4, 4,                    /* 15-18 */
      3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,              /* 19-24 */
      2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,           /* 25-31 */
  };
  if( a<b ){ WhereCost t = a; a = b; b = t; }
  if( a>b+49 ) return a;
  if( a>b+31 ) return a+1;
  return a+x[a-b];
}
WhereCost whereCostFromInteger(int x){
  static WhereCost a[] = { 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
  WhereCost y = 40;
  if( x<8 ){
    if( x<2 ) return 0;
    while( x<8 ){  y -= 10; x <<= 1; }
  }else{
    while( x>255 ){ y += 40; x >>= 4; }
    while( x>15 ){  y += 10; x >>= 1; }
  }
  return a[x&7] + y - 10;
}
static unsigned long int whereCostToInt(WhereCost x){
  unsigned long int n;
  if( x<=10 ) return 1;
  n = x%10;
  x /= 10;
  if( n>=5 ) n -= 2;
  else if( n>=1 ) n -= 1;
  if( x>=3 ) return (n+8)<<(x-3);
  return (n+8)>>(3-x);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv){
  int i;
  int n = 0;
  WhereCost a[100];
  for(i=1; i<argc; i++){
    const char *z = argv[i];
    if( z[0]=='+' ){
      if( n>=2 ){
        a[n-2] = whereCostAdd(a[n-2],a[n-1]);
        n--;
      }
    }else if( z[0]=='x' ){
      if( n>=2 ){
        a[n-2] = whereCostMultiply(a[n-2],a[n-1]);
        n--;
      }
    }else if( z[0]=='^' ){
      a[n++] = atoi(z+1);
    }else{
      a[n++] = whereCostFromInteger(atoi(z));
    }
  }
  for(i=n-1; i>=0; i--){
    printf("%d (%lu)\n", a[i], whereCostToInt(a[i]));
  }
  return 0;
}