** then return a pointer to the CTE definition for that table. Otherwise
** return NULL.
**
** If a non-NULL value is returned, set *ppContext to point to the With
** object that the returned CTE belongs to.
*/
static struct Cte *searchWith(
  With *pWith,                    /* Current innermost WITH clause */
  struct SrcList_item *pItem,     /* FROM clause element to resolve */
  With **ppContext                /* OUT: WITH clause return value belongs to */
){
  const char *zName;
  if( pItem->zDatabase==0 && (zName = pItem->zName)!=0 ){
    With *p;
    for(p=pWith; p; p=p->pOuter){

** onto the top of the stack. If argument bFree is true, then this
** WITH clause will never be popped from the stack. In this case it
** should be freed along with the Parse object. In other cases, when
** bFree==0, the With object will be freed along with the SELECT 
** statement with which it is associated.
*/
void sqlite3WithPush(Parse *pParse, With *pWith, u8 bFree){
  assert( bFree==0 || (pParse->pWith==0 && pParse->pWithToFree==0) );
  if( pWith ){
    assert( pParse->pWith!=pWith );
    pWith->pOuter = pParse->pWith;
    pParse->pWith = pWith;
    if( bFree ) pParse->pWithToFree = pWith;
  }
}

/*
** This function checks if argument pFrom refers to a CTE declared by 
** a WITH clause on the stack currently maintained by the parser. And,
** if currently processing a CTE expression, if it is a recursive

    }
    assert( pTab->nRef==1 || ((pSel->selFlags&SF_Recursive) && pTab->nRef==2 ));

    pCte->zCteErr = "circular reference: %s";
    pSavedWith = pParse->pWith;
    pParse->pWith = pWith;
    sqlite3WalkSelect(pWalker, bMayRecursive ? pSel->pPrior : pSel);
    pParse->pWith = pWith;

    for(pLeft=pSel; pLeft->pPrior; pLeft=pLeft->pPrior);
    pEList = pLeft->pEList;
    if( pCte->pCols ){
      if( pEList && pEList->nExpr!=pCte->pCols->nExpr ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s has %d values for %d columns",
            pCte->zName, pEList->nExpr, pCte->pCols->nExpr

  ** using offsetof(Parse,nVar) so the nVar field must be the first field
  ** in the recursive region.
  ************************************************************************/

  int nVar;                 /* Number of '?' variables seen in the SQL so far */
  int nzVar;                /* Number of available slots in azVar[] */
  u8 iPkSortOrder;          /* ASC or DESC for INTEGER PRIMARY KEY */

  u8 explain;               /* True if the EXPLAIN flag is found on the query */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  u8 declareVtab;           /* True if inside sqlite3_declare_vtab() */
  int nVtabLock;            /* Number of virtual tables to lock */
#endif
  int nAlias;               /* Number of aliased result set columns */
  int nHeight;              /* Expression tree height of current sub-select */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  Token sArg;               /* Complete text of a module argument */
  Table **apVtabLock;       /* Pointer to virtual tables needing locking */
#endif
  Table *pZombieTab;        /* List of Table objects to delete after code gen */
  TriggerPrg *pTriggerPrg;  /* Linked list of coded triggers */
  With *pWith;              /* Current WITH clause, or NULL */
  With *pWithToFree;        /* Free this WITH object at the end of the parse */
};

/*
** Return true if currently inside an sqlite3_declare_vtab() call.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB 0

  void *sqlite3TestTextToPtr(const char*);
#endif

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
  void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView*, const Expr*, u8);
  void sqlite3TreeViewExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, u8, const char*);
  void sqlite3TreeViewSelect(TreeView*, const Select*, u8);
  void sqlite3TreeViewWith(TreeView*, const With*, u8);
#endif


void sqlite3SetString(char **, sqlite3*, const char*);
void sqlite3ErrorMsg(Parse*, const char*, ...);
int sqlite3Dequote(char*);
int sqlite3KeywordCode(const unsigned char*, int);

    /* If the pParse->declareVtab flag is set, do not delete any table 
    ** structure built up in pParse->pNewTable. The calling code (see vtab.c)
    ** will take responsibility for freeing the Table structure.
    */
    sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pParse->pNewTable);
  }

  sqlite3WithDelete(db, pParse->pWithToFree);
  sqlite3DeleteTrigger(db, pParse->pNewTrigger);
  for(i=pParse->nzVar-1; i>=0; i--) sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->azVar[i]);
  sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->azVar);
  while( pParse->pAinc ){
    AutoincInfo *p = pParse->pAinc;
    pParse->pAinc = p->pNext;
    sqlite3DbFree(db, p);

** Shorthand for starting a new tree item that consists of a single label
*/
static void sqlite3TreeViewItem(TreeView *p, const char *zLabel,u8 moreFollows){
  p = sqlite3TreeViewPush(p, moreFollows);
  sqlite3TreeViewLine(p, "%s", zLabel);
}

/*
** Generate a human-readable description of a WITH clause.
*/
void sqlite3TreeViewWith(TreeView *pView, const With *pWith, u8 moreToFollow){
  int i;
  if( pWith==0 ) return;
  if( pWith->nCte==0 ) return;
  if( pWith->pOuter ){
    sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "WITH (0x%p, pOuter=0x%p)",pWith,pWith->pOuter);
  }else{
    sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "WITH (0x%p)", pWith);
  }
  if( pWith->nCte>0 ){
    pView = sqlite3TreeViewPush(pView, 1);
    for(i=0; i<pWith->nCte; i++){
      StrAccum x;
      char zLine[1000];
      const struct Cte *pCte = &pWith->a[i];
      sqlite3StrAccumInit(&x, 0, zLine, sizeof(zLine), 0);
      sqlite3XPrintf(&x, 0, "%s", pCte->zName);
      if( pCte->pCols && pCte->pCols->nExpr>0 ){
        char cSep = '(';
        int j;
        for(j=0; j<pCte->pCols->nExpr; j++){
          sqlite3XPrintf(&x, 0, "%c%s", cSep, pCte->pCols->a[j].zName);
          cSep = ',';
        }
        sqlite3XPrintf(&x, 0, ")");
      }
      sqlite3XPrintf(&x, 0, " AS");
      sqlite3StrAccumFinish(&x);
      sqlite3TreeViewItem(pView, zLine, i<pWith->nCte-1);
      sqlite3TreeViewSelect(pView, pCte->pSelect, 0);
      sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
    }
    sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
  }
}


/*
** Generate a human-readable description of a the Select object.
*/
void sqlite3TreeViewSelect(TreeView *pView, const Select *p, u8 moreToFollow){
  int n = 0;
  int cnt = 0;
  pView = sqlite3TreeViewPush(pView, moreToFollow);
  if( p->pWith ){
    sqlite3TreeViewWith(pView, p->pWith, 1);
    cnt = 1;
    sqlite3TreeViewPush(pView, 1);
  }
  do{
    sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "SELECT%s%s (0x%p) selFlags=0x%x",
      ((p->selFlags & SF_Distinct) ? " DISTINCT" : ""),
      ((p->selFlags & SF_Aggregate) ? " agg_flag" : ""), p, p->selFlags
    );
    if( cnt++ ) sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
    if( p->pPrior ){

# 2015-07-05:  Do not allow aggregate recursive queries
#
do_catchsql_test 16.1 {
  WITH RECURSIVE
    i(x) AS (VALUES(1) UNION SELECT count(*) FROM i)
  SELECT * FROM i;
} {1 {recursive aggregate queries not supported}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_execsql_test 17.1 {
  WITH x(a) AS (
    WITH y(b) AS (SELECT 10)
    SELECT 9 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM y
  )
  SELECT * FROM x
} {9 10}

do_execsql_test 17.2 {
  WITH x AS (
    WITH y(b) AS (SELECT 10)
    SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT * FROM y
  )
  SELECT * FROM x
} {10 10}

do_test 17.2 {
  db eval {
    WITH x AS (
        WITH y(b) AS (SELECT 10)
        SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT * FROM y
    )
    SELECT * FROM x
  } A {
    # no op
  }
  set A(*)
} {b}

do_catchsql_test 17.3 {
  WITH i AS (
    WITH j AS (SELECT 5)
    SELECT 5 FROM i UNION SELECT 8 FROM i
  )
  SELECT * FROM i;
} {1 {circular reference: i}}

do_catchsql_test 17.4 {
  WITH i AS (
    WITH j AS (SELECT 5)
    SELECT 5 FROM t1 UNION SELECT 8 FROM t11
  )
  SELECT * FROM i;
} {1 {no such table: t11}}

do_execsql_test 17.5 {
  WITH 
  x1 AS (SELECT 10),
  x2 AS (SELECT * FROM x1),
  x3 AS (
    WITH x1 AS (SELECT 11)
    SELECT * FROM x2 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x2
  )
  SELECT * FROM x3;
} {10 10}

do_execsql_test 17.6 {
  WITH 
  x1 AS (SELECT 10),
  x2 AS (SELECT * FROM x1),
  x3 AS (
    WITH x1 AS (SELECT 11)
    SELECT * FROM x2 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x1
  )
  SELECT * FROM x3;
} {10 11}

do_execsql_test 17.7 {
  WITH 
  x1 AS (SELECT 10),
  x2 AS (SELECT * FROM x1),
  x3 AS (
    WITH 
      x1 AS ( SELECT 11 ),
      x4 AS ( SELECT * FROM x2 )
    SELECT * FROM x4 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x1
  )
  SELECT * FROM x3;
} {10 11}

do_execsql_test 17.8 {
  WITH 
  x1 AS (SELECT 10),
  x2 AS (SELECT * FROM x1),
  x3 AS (
    WITH 
      x1 AS ( SELECT 11 ),
      x4 AS ( SELECT * FROM x2 )
    SELECT * FROM x4 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x1
  )
  SELECT * FROM x3;
} {10 11}

do_execsql_test 17.9 {
  WITH 
  x1 AS (SELECT 10),
  x2 AS (SELECT 11),
  x3 AS (
    SELECT * FROM x1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x2
  ),
  x4 AS (
    WITH 
    x1 AS (SELECT 12),
    x2 AS (SELECT 13)
    SELECT * FROM x3
  )
  SELECT * FROM x4;
} {10 11}

finish_test

# 2015-11-07
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this file is testing the WITH clause.
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl
set ::testprefix with3

ifcapable {!cte} {
  finish_test
  return
}

# Test problems found by Kostya Serebryany using 
# LibFuzzer.  (http://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html)
#
do_catchsql_test 1.0 {
  WITH i(x) AS (
    WITH j AS (SELECT 10)
    SELECT 5 FROM t0 UNION SELECT 8 FROM m
  )
  SELECT * FROM i;
} {1 {no such table: m}}

# Additional test cases that came out of the work to
# fix for Kostya's problem.
#
do_execsql_test 2.0 {
 WITH
  x1 AS (SELECT 10),
  x2 AS (SELECT 11),
  x3 AS (
    SELECT * FROM x1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x2
  ),
  x4 AS (
    WITH
    x1 AS (SELECT 12),
    x2 AS (SELECT 13)
    SELECT * FROM x3
  )
  SELECT * FROM x4;

} {10 11}

do_execsql_test 2.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(x);
  WITH
    x1(a) AS (values(100))
  INSERT INTO t1(x)
    SELECT * FROM (WITH x2(y) AS (SELECT * FROM x1) SELECT y+a FROM x1, x2);
  SELECT * FROM t1;
} {200}

finish_test